黑松幼苗造林水分蒸散人工模拟试验研究  

The Artificial Evaportanspiration Simulation of Black Pine Seeding Afforestation

作　　者：许晓鸿[1] 戴全厚[1,2] 孙玥[1] 张瑜[1] 张力辉[1] 翟婷婷[1] 常晓东[1] 王跃邦[3] 刘明义[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省水土保持科学研究院,长春130033 [2]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [3]吉林省水利厅科技处,长春130000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2007年第5期82-84,共3页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：树木的蒸腾耗水量是植树造林设计与环境水分研究的重要水分参数,它是一个复杂的生理学与物理学过程,笔者通过对黑松人工栽植每天的实际耗水量进行定量测定研究,通过从不同的根系保水措施研究幼龄黑松蒸腾耗水角度出发,在排除天然降水干扰的情况下,利用称重法测定林木在不同措施情况下水分蒸散差异规律,得出了在充分灌水苗木日蒸腾量减去生长量日平均耗水在0.00493 kg（7月中旬以后）,保持持续的稳定失水,说明在东北地区2龄幼苗黑松维持其正常成活需水临界点为0.00493 kg;同时从秸秆造林与保水剂造林持续干旱36 d情况看,说明保水剂造林和秸秆造林日供水量在干旱条件下持续供水能力强,在36 d内其持续供水维持其生长状况的能力分别是无措施条件下的3.66倍和7.31倍。为提高东北土石山区生态营林宜采用秸秆造林,省时省事,经济费用小,低投入能获得较高的生态效益,其次为保水剂造林。Trees＇ evapotranspiration is the important moisture parameter of afforestation design and environment moisture investigate, it is a complicated process of physiology and physics, through man-made cultivated black pine＇s practical water consumption everyday as quantitative mensuration investigation, from the different rhizotaxis to investige the young black pine evapotranspiration , excluding the natural precipitation , using the method of weighing mensuration to determine forest in different measure situation moisture evapotranspiration in difference rule,it is obtained thatthe fully irrigating the nursery stock date transpiration quantity to subtract the growth quantity daily average water consumption is 0. 004 93 kg （mid-July later） ,the maintenance continues the stable dehydration, showed that ,in northeast area, the two-year seedling black pine needs the water critical point is 0. 004 93 kg; Meanwhile with the water retaining agent afforestation from the straw stalk afforestation to continue the arid 36 days situations , explained under the water retaining agent afforestation and the straw stalk afforestation daily water supply quantity ability under the arid condition is strong, in 36 days water supply ability respectively is 3.66 times and 7.31 times under non-measure condition. In order to enhance the northeast stone mountainous area ecology afforestation the straw stalk afforestation is suitabe to use, time-saving, the small economic expense and low investment which can obtain higher ecology benefit, the next is water retaining agent afforestation.

关 键 词：幼苗造林 人工模拟 水分 

分 类 号：S728.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]