湖沼型血吸虫病重度流行区疫情现状调查  

Survey on the prevalence situation of schistosomiasis in marshland heavy endemic regions

作　　者：张世清[1] 汪天平[1] 张功华[1] 潘新平[2] 陈更新 吴维铎[1] 方国仁[1] 吕大兵[1] 汪奇志[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽省铜陵县血吸虫病防治站 [3]安徽省贵池区血吸虫病防治站

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2007年第3期217-220,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：美国国立卫生院(NIH)资助项目(No.P50-AI39461-06AI)

摘　　要：目的阐明湖沼型血吸虫病重度流行区疫情现状及特征,为进一步的疫情纵向观察提供基础资料。方法选择湖沼型湖滩亚型和洲滩亚型血吸虫病重度流行村各1个,采用Kato-Katz法和塑料杯顶管孵化法分别检查人、畜血吸虫感染情况,采用问卷法调查居民血吸虫病治疗史和患病史、疫水接触、与血吸虫病相关的症状和体征等情况。结果民生村和光辉村分别有68.24%和61.39%的居民有患血吸虫病史及治疗史,2周内有腹泻症状史者分别占3.96%和4.39%,有乏力史者分别占8.67%和5.80%。民生、光辉村居民血吸虫感染率分别为10.90%、15.18%,男性感染率高于女性。夏季接触疫水人群多于春、秋季,主要接触疫水方式为洗手、戏水、放牧、割草、捕鱼等。耕牛血吸虫感染率2岁以下幼牛较高。结论湖沼型血吸虫病流行区疫情仍较严重,常规防治措施难以使疫情大幅度下降。Objective To clarify the prevalence situation and characteristic of schistosomiasis in marshland heavy endemic regions, and provide basic information for the further longitudinal observation. Methods Two villages, one was fork-beach subtype and one was islet without embankment subtype endemic regions, were selected for the survey. The residents were examined by the method of Kato-Katz and the bovine was examined by hatching test using plastic cup with glass top-tube. The history of treatment and sicken of schistosomiasis, water contact, the symptoms and signs relevant to schistosomiasis were investigated by the method of questionnaire. Results There were 68.24% residents at Minsheng Village, 61.39% residents at Guanghui Village had the history of treatment and sicken of schistosomiasis. There were 3.96 0% and 4.39 % residents had diarrhea and 8.76 % and 5.80 % residents had debilitation in the recent two weeks. The infection rate of residents was 10.90% at Minsheng and 15.18% at Guanghui. The males＇ infection rate was higher than that of females. There was more people contacted cercariae-infested water in summer than in spring and autumn. The major modes of water contact were washing hand, playing, herding bovine, cutting grass and fishing. The infection rate of bovine below two years old was higher. Conclusion The prevalence situation of schistosomiasis is serious in the marshland endemic regions, and it is difficult to drop the prevalence remarkably by the regular control measures.

关 键 词：湖沼型流行区 血吸虫病 疫情 接触疫水 感染 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]