长期石油和重金属污染对农田土壤假单胞菌种群多样性及结构的影响  

Effects of long-term petroleum and heavy metals pollution on the diversity and community structure of Pesudomonas populations in agricultural soils

作　　者：张勤[1] 张惠文[1] 苏振成[1] 李新宇[1] 张成刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第6期1327-1332,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2004CB418503)

摘　　要：采用PCR-DGGE方法,对我国东北地区长期石油和重金属污染农田土壤中的假单胞菌多样性及其种群结构进行研究.结果表明:石油污染区土壤中假单胞菌多样性指数显著高于重金属污染区;石油污染区旱田土壤假单胞菌多样性接近于对照清洁土壤,但低于相似污染程度的石油污染区水田土壤,表明污染物类型与耕作管理方式是影响土壤中假单胞菌多样性的主要因素.经16SrRNA的V6/V7区测序,Pseudomonas mendocina、P.stutzeri和P.aerugi-nosa是该石油和重金属污染区土壤中的优势类群,说明在长期污染胁迫下,这3种假单胞菌分别得到了不同程度的富集,推测与石油烃的自然降解及假单胞菌的重金属抗性有关.By using PCR-DGGE method, this paper studied the diversity and community structure of Pseudomonas populations in long-term petroleum- and heavy metals-contaminated agricultural soils in Northeast China. The results showed that the Shannon diversity index of Pseudomonas was significantly higher in petroleum- than in heavy metals-contaminated soils. The diversity of Pseudo- monas in petroleum-contaminated soil was approached to that in clean soil but lower than that in polluted lowland rice soil, suggesting that contaminant type and cultivation mode were the main factors affecting the diversity of Pseudomonas in agricultural soils. The sequences of V6/V7 regions in 16S rRNA gene indicated that P. mendocina, P. stutzeri and P. aeruginosa were the dominant species in both petroleum- and heavy metals-contaminated soils, demonstrating that these three species were enriched under the stress of long-term pollution, which might correlate with the natural degradation of petroleum and the resistance of Pseudomonas to heavy metals.

关 键 词：石油污染 重金属污染 土壤 假单胞菌PCR—DGGE 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]