地表处理方式对日光温室辣椒水分利用效率及土壤硝态氮、速效磷分布的影响  

Effects of soil covering on solar greenhouse pepper water use efficiency and soil nitrate N and available phosphorus contents

作　　者：周茂娟[1] 梁银丽[1] 陈甲瑞[1] 熊亚梅[1] 韦泽秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2007年第6期1393-1396,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2XB2051);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD09B07);中国科学院水土保持研究所领域前沿资助项目(SW04302)

摘　　要：研究了不同地表处理方式对日光温室辣椒水分利用效率及土壤氮磷分布的影响.结果表明:地表覆盖秸秆+地膜处理的辣椒产量水分利用效率和经济水分利用效率最高,分别达33·04kg·m-3和50·22元·m-3;其次是地表覆盖地膜处理,分别达18·81kg·m-3和28·57元·m-3.不同地表处理方式对0～20cm土壤的硝态氮含量有显著影响,地表覆盖秸秆和覆盖秸秆+地膜处理,分别为31·98mg·kg-1和31·96mg·kg-1,小于对照处理(50·33mg·kg-1);地表覆盖地膜和使用保水剂处理的硝态氮含量较低.与对照相比,各处理辣椒对氮肥的利用均有所增加,耕层硝态氮积累减少.在0～20cm耕层内,地表覆盖地膜处理的速效磷含量最低,为0·72mg·kg-1,其次是地表覆盖秸秆+地膜处理,为0·92mg·kg-1.地表覆盖秸秆+地膜和地表覆盖地膜处理增加了当季作物对肥料的利用率,减少了肥料的损失,提高了产量.A greenhouse study on the effects of soil covering on pepper （ Capsicum anmuum L. ） water use efficiency and soil nitrate and available phosphorus contents showed that straw mulch ＋ plastic film mulch could get the highest pepper yield water use efficiency （33.04 kg · m^-3） and economic water use efficiency （50. 22 yuan · m^-3） , followed by plastic film mulch, with the two parameters being 18.81 kg · m^-3 and 28.57 yuan · m^-3, respectively. Significant differences of nitrate N content in 0-20 cm soil layer were observed among different treatments. The control had the highest nitrate N content （50. 33 mg · kg^-1 ）, followed by straw mulch （31.98 mg · kg^-1 ） and straw ＋ plastic film mulch （31.96 mg · kg^-1）, and plastic film mulch and applying water preserving agent. Compared with the control, soil covering could increase the nitrate N use efficiency of pepper, and decrease the accumulation of nitrate N in plough layer. In 0-20 cm soil layer, treatment plastic film mulch had the lowest available phosphorus content （0. 72 mg · kg^-1 ）, and the second （0. 92 mg · kg^-1 ） was the treatment straw ＋ plastic film mulch. Treatments straw ＋ plastic film mulch and plastic film mulch could increase pepper fruit yield and fertilizer use efficiency, and decrease fertilizer loss.

关 键 词：日光温室 辣椒 水分利用效率 硝态氮 速效磷 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学] S641.3