幼儿面神经的中耳手术解剖学研究  

Surgical anatomic study on facial nerve of young children in the association with middle ear operation

作　　者：倪丽艳[1] 项松洁[1] 刘学军[1] 杨继红[1] 黄加云[1] 周雷碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉科,浙江325027

出　　处：《中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志》2007年第3期161-163,共3页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology in Integrative Medicine

基　　金：浙江省温州市科技局科研基金资助项目(编号Y2004A053)

摘　　要：目的研究面神经隐窝入路手术相关的幼儿面神经解剖学特点,为开展幼儿中耳手术及人工耳蜗植入手术提供参考数值。方法对14具(28侧)幼儿尸头颞骨面神经隐窝及后鼓室结构进行解剖学观察,测量面神经隐窝入路手术相关的面神经解剖学特点和相关数值。结果面神经隐窝最小者1.82mm,但存在个体差异。鼓索神经到面神经锥曲段、垂直段的距离分别为(3.79±0.45)mm、(2.23±0.57)mm,锥隆起至面神经锥曲段、水平段、垂直段的距离分别是(2.79±0.60)mm、(2.17±0.42)mm、(3.90±0.59)mm,面神经垂直段至圆窗龛前缘中点的距离(4.83±0.70)mm。结论本文为幼儿中耳手术提供了有用的面神经相关参考数据,对手术中避免面神经等重要结构的损伤有重要意义。Objective To explore the surgical anatomic features of facial nerve correlated with middle ear operation, or electronic cochlea implanting, via the approach of facial recess in young children to collect reference numerical data for these operations. Methods Anatomical study was carried out among 14 young children cadaveric cranial bones （28 sides of temporal bone specimens）, with the interesting focused on the measurements of anatomic features and collecting numerical data of facial nerve in the region of posterior tympanium for surgeries via the approach of facial recess. Results The minimal size of facial recess was 1. 82mm, though with some individual variation among these specimens. The distances from pyramid and vertical segments of facial nerve to chorda tympani nerve were （3.79 ± 0.45 ） mm and （2.23 ± 0.57） mm, and they were （2.79 ± 0.60）mm, （2.17 ± 0.42）mm and（3.90± 0.59）mm from the pyramidal eminence to pyramid, level and vertical segments of facial nerve respectively,while it was （4.83± 0.70）mm from the vertical segment of facial nerve to the medium point of anterior border of round window niche. Conclusions These numerical data should be very useful as reference data to facial nerve for operations on middle ear in young children, in order to avoid this nerve and/or some other important structures from damaging during the period of surgery.

关 键 词：面神经隐窝 面神经 幼儿 外科解剖学 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R764[医药卫生—基础医学]