新型胫骨交锁髓内钉对胫骨稳定性骨折治疗作用的生物力学研究  

The manufacture and biomechanical study of a new interlocking dynamic compressing intramedullary nail for steady tibial fracture

作　　者：闫宏伟[1] 刘凯[1] 黄向辉[1] 王坤正[1] 宋金辉[1] 张开放[1] 刘军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院骨科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《生物骨科材料与临床研究》2007年第3期8-11,共4页Orthopaedic Biomechanics Materials and Clinical Study

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目资助(2002K10-G1)

摘　　要：目的对新型动力加压胫骨交锁髓内钉用于胫骨稳定性骨折的生物力学性能进行对比研究,评价其在稳定性骨折治疗中的作用和力学性能优劣。方法对不同方式内固定用于胫骨稳定骨折的抗轴向压缩、抗侧弯、抗旋转生物力学性能进行测评和对比。结果新型髓内钉在轴向压缩载荷作用下表达出了优良的动力加压功能,其既有良好的抗短缩能力且应力遮挡低;各组试样的抗内→外弯曲能力较抗前→后弯曲能力强,新型髓内钉的抗侧弯性能优于髓内钉对照组,但次于加压钢板内固定;加压钢板内固定的抗旋转性能优于髓内钉内固定,新型髓内钉组较髓内钉对照组的抗旋转性能更优。结论新型胫骨髓内钉治疗稳定骨折的生物力学性能优越,可满足临床治疗需要;胫骨髓腔形态可对髓内钉抗侧弯性能表达产生重要影响。Objective To investigate the biomechanical property of a new type of interlocking dynamic compressing intramedullary nail and evaluate its function and mechanical characteristics in steady tibial fracture. Methods The anti-axile compression, anti-lateral bending and anti-torsion property of the new interlocking dynamic compressing intramedullary nail （nDCN） were tested and compared with several other intemal fixation procedures in treating steady tibial fracture. Results Applied in steady tibial fracture, the new tibial intramedullary nail manifest a dynamic compressing effect with less stress shielding and shaft shortening while exerted to an axile compression. In bending test, the anti-lateral bending rigidity is stronger than anti-anteroposterior bending rigidity in all test groups. Although inferior to dynamic compressing plate, the nDCN is more effective than general imported interlocking intramedullary nail in anti-lateral bending effect： dynamic compression plate is more effective than intramedullary nail in anti-torsion property, while the nDCN is more effective than imported interlocking intramedullary nail. Conclusion The new interlocking dynamic compressing intramedullary nail is superior to other fixation in biomechanics, it can be appliedto tibial fracture with a reliable ftxation, favorable dynamic-compressing effect and less stress shelter effect： the shape of medullary cavity have a great influence on anti-lateral bending effect of the fixation.

关 键 词：动力加压 胫骨 骨折 内固定 生物力学 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]