西双版纳热带森林地区不同生境陆生软体动物多样性研究  

Species diversity of terrestrial molluskes in different habitats in Xishuangbanna tropical forest region

作　　者：陈德牛[1] 杨龙龙[1] 张国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《生物多样性》1997年第1期5-13,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：西双版纳热带植物园的大力支持和协助

摘　　要：本文对西双版纳热带森林地区不同生境陆生软体动物的物种多样性进行了研究,在9个生境中进行了定量调查和采集,共获得15 000号标本,经鉴定,得44种和亚种,隶于3目15科36属。多样性分析结果表明,9种生境的物种丰富度指数d_(MA)的取值范围在0.240～4.634之间,多样性指数H′的范围是0.100～1.043,均匀度J_(SW)为0.305～0.887。根据不同生境物种的相似性系数C进行系统聚类,9个生境在相似性系数0.5的水平时已经被归并为3组,即雨林组、龙山组和次生环境组。傣族龙山确实可以保持雨林的陆生软体动物物种成分的一部分,但作用有限,且当龙山面积越小受人为干扰严重时,失去的雨林成分就越多。雨林一旦被垦为橡胶林或农田,雨林中原有的陆生软体动物将全部消失,而代之以非雨林成分,且物种数量显著减少。The species composition and diversity of terrestrial molluskes in 9 different habitats of the tropical forest region in Xishuangbanna are reported in this paper. Approximately 15 000 specimens are collected, and 44 species and subspecies belonging to 3 orders, 15 families, and 36 genera are recongized (table 1 ). The result of diversity analysis showed that values of species rich-ness indexes d_(MA) of 9 habitats range from 0. 240 to 4. 634, species diversity indexes H'range from 0.100 to 1. 043, and evenness indexes Jsw range from 0. 305 to 0.887 (table 2). Based on similarity coefficients C in table 3, 9 habitats can be clearly clustered into 3 groups by the systematic clustering: rain forest group, Holy Hill group, and secondary habitat group (fig. 1). Holy Hills of Dai nationality play a certain role in the conservation of rain forest species of terrestrial molluskes, which is affected by the sizes of Holy Hills and the level of disturbance caused by human activities. The smaller a Holy Hill and the more serious the disturbance, the more the lost species. If the tropical rain forest is once exploited for cultivation, all the rain forest species of terrestrial molluskes will disappear and be substituted by some nonrain forest species with a significant decrease in the number of species.

关 键 词：森林动物 西双版纳 生境 陆生软体动物 多样性 

分 类 号：S718.69[农业科学—林学]