三个药用菊品种的细胞学研究  

CYTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THREE VARIETIES OF MEDICINAL CHRYSANTHEMUM

作　　者：陈发棣[1] 陈佩度[1] 房伟民[1] 李鸿渐[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学系

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》1997年第2期28-31,共4页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

摘　　要：对原产中国的３个药用菊品种——杭白菊、滁菊、怀菊的核型及减数分裂行为进行了研究。结果表明：杭白菊２ｎ＝４ｘ＝３６＝２Ｍ＋１８ｍ＋１６ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ），减数分裂中期Ⅰ（ＭⅠ）平均每个花粉母细胞（ＰＭＣ）有０．２０Ⅰ＋１７．７０Ⅱ＋０．１０Ⅳ；滁菊２ｎ＝６ｘ＝５４＝２４ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２２ｓｍ＋６ｓｔ＋２ｔ，在ＭⅠ平均每个ＰＭＣ有０．４４Ⅰ＋２６．６６Ⅱ＋０．０６Ⅳ；怀菊２ｎ＝６ｘ＋１＝５５＝６Ｍ＋２６ｍ＋１２ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＋９ｔ，在ＭⅠ平均每个ＰＭＣ有１．１２Ⅰ＋２６．６７Ⅱ＋０．０９Ⅳ。３个药用菊均为异源多倍体，但某些染色体可能存在易位或倒位等结构变异。This paper deals with the karyotype and meiosis of three Chinese medicinal chrysanthemum-Hangbaiju, Chuju and Huaiju. The results of karyotype are shown as follows: Hangbaiju 2n=4x=36=2M+18m+16sm (2SAT), Chuju 2n=6x=54=24m(2SAT)+22sm+6st+2t, Huaiju 2n=6x+1=55=6M+26m+12sm+2st+9t. Meiotic configurations per PMC at M Ⅰ are 0.20Ⅰ+17.70Ⅱ+0.10Ⅳ, 0.44Ⅰ+26.66Ⅱ+0.06Ⅳ and 1.12Ⅰ+26.76Ⅱ+0.09Ⅳ respectively. The results indicate that these three medicinal chrysanthemum are all allopolyploid, and yet intergenomic translocation or inversion might have occurred. In addition, medicinal chrysanthemum has closer relationship with wild species than ornamental chrysanthemum.

关 键 词：药用植物 菊 核型 减数分裂 

分 类 号：S682.110.1[农业科学—观赏园艺] S567.2[农业科学—园艺学]