煤矸石松散堆置体坡面侵蚀规律研究  

Research of Erosion Laws on Loose Mine Waste Slope

作　　者：胡振华[1] 王电龙[1] 呼起跃[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省水利厅水保局,山西太原030002

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2007年第3期23-27,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山西省青年科技基金(20031048);山西农业大学科技创新基金(200213);山西省高等院校青年教师科研专项基金

摘　　要：采用室内模拟径流冲刷试验,对煤矸石堆置体水土流失规律进行了研究。结果表明:(1)在20,°25,°30,°35°4个坡度、放水流量为2 L/min,2.5 L/min,3 L/min,3.5 L/min的情况下,煤矸石堆置体的侵蚀产沙过程存在明显的差异:在较小坡度和流量下,侵蚀的脉动性、随机性、间歇性明显,径流体积含沙量变化幅度很大;在较大坡度和流量下,侵蚀呈现明显的突发性,泥沙移动具有类似泥石流移动的特征,在冲刷初期含沙量便达到最大值,随着时间的延续,含沙量逐渐降低,最后趋于稳定。(2)集中径流对煤矸石堆置体具有很强的冲刷作用,会造成严重的侵蚀,总侵蚀量的大小与设计流量呈线性关系,与坡面坡度呈幂函数关系。The paper deals with the erosion laws on the loose mine waste slope on the basis of runoff seouring experiment. The results showed that. （1）The erosion processes of loose mine waste bear the obvious difference in the four land slope of 20°, 25°, 30°, 35° and with the four discharge of 2 L/min,2.5 L/min,3 L/min,3.5 L/min： with the smaller gradient and discharge, the erosion processes are charaeteristic of undulation, randomieity and in- termittence,and the fluctuation amplitude of the silt content is very large;with the bigger gradient and discharge, the erosion processes are paroxysmal and the sediment movement is characteristic of debris flow.at initial stage of the experiment, the silt content suddenly reached the biggest point, with the experiment continuing, the silt content gradually deceased and got to a constant finally. （2）Concentrated overland flow can cause serious erosion, the discharge and slope gradient is a big function of the amount of erosion volume with linear and power relationship.

关 键 词：模拟冲刷试验 侵蚀量 含沙量 侵蚀规律 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]