低浓度丙烯腈对职业工人健康影响的研究  

Study on effects of occupational exposure to low-concentration acrylonitrile on wrokers

作　　者：韩方岸[1] 胡云[2] 姜方平[1] 王苏华[3] 陆荣柱[3] 仲志鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212003 [2]镇江出入境检验检疫局,江苏镇江212003 [3]江苏大学医学院,江苏镇江212001

出　　处：《疾病控制杂志》2007年第3期259-262,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention

基　　金：江苏省2005年社会发展科技计划基金(BS2005049);江苏省预防医学科研基金(YZ200410)

摘　　要：目的探讨低浓度丙烯腈(AN)对职业工人健康的慢性伤害,为保护职业接触工人健康提供依据。方法检测4家以AN为原料的化工企业车间空气AN浓度;选取267名AN作业工人为暴露组,条件相当且无化学毒物接触的食品、公共场所从业人员342人为对照组,分析接触低浓度AN对工人健康的影响。结果暴露组头疼、头晕、心悸、胸闷、失眠、咽痛、腹痛等自觉症状高于对照组(P<0.05);男性愤怒状态高于对照组(P<0.01),女性愤怒、紧张、忧郁、疲惫状态显著高于对照组(P<0.01);血压、脉压、白细胞高于对照组(P<0.05);血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶异常率(18.35%)高于对照组(2.63%)(P<0.01);肝脂肪浸润、脂肪肝发生率高于对照组(P<0.05);外周血淋巴细胞染色体总畸变率、畸变阳性率高于对照组(P<0.01),淋巴细胞微核率、微核阳性检出率高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论长期接触低浓度AN对职业工人健康有一定伤害。Objective To look for the health effects on workers who exposed to low-concentration acrylonitrile, and provide scientific evidence for protecting the health of occupational workers. Methods The acrylonitrile concentration of four chemistry industry corporations which used acrylonitrile for raw material were inspected. 267 workers exposed to acrylonitrile and 342 food and public workers of nonexposed chemistry poison were carried out. And effects of low-concentration acrylonitrile to occupational worker＇s health were analysed. Results The rate of the headache, swirl, heart-throb, chest stuff, insomnia, angina, bellyache in exposure group were significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0.05）. The mankind outrage state in exposure group were higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.01）, the feminine outrage, strain, doldrums, frazzle in exposure group were higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.01）. The blood pressure, pulse pressure, leukocyte in exposure group were higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The ALT abnormity rate in exposure group 18.35 % was higher than that in control group （P〈0.01）. The rate of liver fattiness soakage and the fattiness liver were higher than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05）. The blood lymphocytes chromosome aberration rate, the aberration positive rate, the lymphocytes micronucleus rate and the micronucleus detection rate in exposure group were higher than control group （P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Low-concentration exposure to acrylonitrile can induce health damage in the occupational workers.

关 键 词：丙烯腈 健康调查 环境监测 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R194.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]