1994～2005年西藏自治区火灾发生的流行趋势  

Fire characteristics analysis based on fire statistics of Tibet from 1994 to 2005

作　　者：张晓蓉[1] 杨巧红[1] 荆春霞[1] 吴赤蓬[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院公共卫生学教研室,广东广州510632

出　　处：《疾病控制杂志》2007年第3期286-288,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention

摘　　要：目的对1994～2005年西藏自治区火灾发生的趋势及流行病学特征进行分析,探讨其危险因素和防范措施,为预防和控制火灾发生提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性流行病学研究方法对西藏自治区1994～2005年的火灾资料进行描述性研究和统计分析。结果1994～2005年西藏自治区共发生火灾1662起,平均每年138.5起,死亡8.08人,受伤22.25人,直接经济损失830.5595万元,人均火灾发生数呈逐年上升趋势;春、冬季为火灾的高发季节,且呈逐年上升趋势;用火不慎和电气为主要火灾发生原因,分别占发生总数的41.4%和17.2%,且呈逐年上升的趋势;火灾发生总数及电气、用火不慎、玩火等引起的火灾数均随国内生产总值和居民年均生活消费支出的增加而增多,呈正相关关系;西藏火灾发生数也与私营企业数呈正相关关系;西藏火灾发生数和直接经济损失虽低于火灾高发城市,但伤亡率却相对较高,伤亡率与卫生资源规模有关。结论西藏自治区的火灾形势严峻,伤亡率严重,针对火灾的发生原因及特点,积极预防火灾的发生十分重要。Objective To study the characteristics and risk factors of fire in Tibet from 1994 to 2005, and provide the preventive measures for fire injury control. Methods Descriptive and statistical analysis were used to review fire cases in Tibet from 1994 to 2005. Results There were 1 662 fire accidents in twelve years. On average, there were 138.5 fire cases where 8.08 people died and 22.25 injured annually. Average direct economic loss reached 830. 559 5 yuan per year, and the frequency per person of fire went up slightly. The fire occurred more in spring and winter with increased frequency. Careless fire-making and electricity were the main reasons, accounting for 41.4 % and 17.20 % respectively, and the frequency increased. There were positive correlations between the frequency of fire, the fire number caused by electricity, careless fire-making playing with fire, and the gross domestic production, and the annual household living expenditures per capita; there were positive correlations between the frequency and the number of individuals and private enterprises. Though the frequency of fire in Tibet was lower than that in Guangdong, Shanghai, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Jilin and Shandong, the rate of death and injury was higher. There was a relationship between the rate of death and injury and medicine. Conclusions The general situation of fire accidents in Tibet is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out fire prevention targeting certain risk factors.

关 键 词：西藏自治区 火灾 流行病学 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R181.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]