隆冬异常升温北疆积雪提前融化  

Abnormal temperature increasing and earlier snow melting at northern Xinjiang in mid-winter

作　　者：毛炜峄[1] 曹占洲[1] 沙依然[1] 王胜利[1] 白素琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2007年第3期460-462,共3页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：中国气象局新技术推广项目"气候变化对天山北坡经济带农业生产的影响"资助

摘　　要：2007年1月下旬中期开始，新疆北部地区出现了一次异常的升温天气过程，1月27日～2月4日的9d中，北疆各地的43个气象站中，有14站的日最高气温突破同期历史极值，其中伊犁河谷的新源的日最高气温上升到13．3℃，突破同期历史极值3．0℃；有19站的9天平均气温突破同期历史极值，占总站数的44．2％。1月下旬本是新疆北部的积雪稳定积累期，但是2007年元月下旬异常升温天气的出现和持续，使北疆地区积雪提前融化，到2月初，北疆的博尔塔拉蒙古自治州、伊犁地区、乌鲁木齐市等地的积雪面积明显减少，乌鲁木齐地区的积雪覆盖度仅为25．84％，比15年同期平均值偏少5成。冬季是新疆增温幅度最大的季节，在气候变暖背景下，冬季极端天气气候事件的出现也越来越频繁，隆冬季节的异常升温造成气温偏高，使北疆地区的积雪提前融化。这些变化将对新疆水资源的时空分布产生重大影响，对当地生态环境将带来难以估测的影响。在全球气候变化背景下，更加需要加强对新疆等干旱地区极端天气气候事件的监测分析及其对生态环境、经济社会发展的影响等诸多领域的研究，使社会各界以积极的态度来科学客观地认识气候变化带来的后果，及早提出应对区域气候变化的对策，采取切实可行的措施减缓气候变化带来的负面影响。There was an abnormal temperature increasing process for 9 days in northern Xinjiang from Jan. 27 to Feb. 4 in 2007. The day maximum temperature in 1/3 stations has passed the historical extremum of the corresponding period and the average temperature during these 9 days in 44.2 percent of stations has done, too. The last-ten- day of January should be stable snow accumulating period, but the appearance and standing of temperature increashag process led to snow melting earlier in northern Xinjiang in 2007 and snow area of counties of Bortala Prefecture, Hi Prefecture, Urumqi City, etc decreased evidently, especially the snow coverage rate of Urumqi City is only 25.84 percent, about 50 percent of the average for last 15 years of the corresponding period. Winter is a season with maximal temperature increasing amplitude ; while in the background of climate warming up, there are more and more extreme weather or climate events, the higher temperature coming from abnormal increase caused the quicker melting of snow in northern Xinjiang. These changes result in a great deal of inestimable influences on the space-time distribution of water resources and ecological environment. It is necessary to intensify the monitoring of extreme weather or climate events and analyzing their influences on ecological environment, economy and society development and so on, so that the results of climate changes would be understood scientifically and impersonally, which is helpful to put forward the countmeasures against regional climate changes and reduce the influences.

关 键 词：异常升温 积雪融化 提前 北疆 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]