两种流行性乙型脑炎疫苗的安全性和免疫效果观察  

Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Two Kinds of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine

作　　者：李万军[1] 王世清[1] 王志勇[1] 张鄂宪[1] 肖奇友[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2007年第3期699-701,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察乙型脑炎(乙脑)减毒活疫苗和Vero细胞乙型脑炎纯化疫苗(Vero细胞乙脑疫苗)的安全性和免疫效果。方法在湖南省沅江市和衡东县筛选8～20月龄无乙脑疫苗免疫史(基础免疫组)和1.5～3岁完成了基础免疫(加强免疫组)的二组健康儿童作为观察对象。沅江市的观察对象接种乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗,衡东县的观察对象接种Vero细胞乙脑疫苗。然后从每个市县的二组观察对象中抽取部分对象检测免疫前和免疫后1个月血清乙脑中和抗体滴度,并观察其接种不良反应。结果乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗接种不良反应总发生率为5.2%;Vero细胞乙脑疫苗接种不良反应总发生率为8.8%。两种疫苗的接种不良反应以全身发热为主,分别占不良反应的95.4%和92.3%,发热72h后恢复正常。乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗基础免疫后抗体阳性率为82.5%,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)为1:23.1;加强免疫后抗体阳性率为93.2%,GMT为1:28.6。Vero细胞乙脑疫苗基础免疫后抗体阳性率为83.2%,GMT为1:25.1;加强免疫后抗体阳性率为93.7%,GMT为1:32.4。结论乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗和Vero细胞乙脑疫苗安全、有效,可在预防控制乙脑工作中推广使用。Objective To evaluate the safety and immune protection efficacy of the living attenuated Japanese encephalitis （JE） vaccine and the purified Vero cell- derived Japanese encephalitis vaccine （Vero cell JE vaccine）. Methods Two groups of healthy infants, the 8-20 months infants without initial immunization of JE vaccination （basic immunization group） and the infants aged 1.5 to 3 years with previous JE vaccination （boosting immunization group） were selected as the observation subjects in Yuanjiang City and Hengdeng County. Infants from Yuanjiang City received the living attenuated JE vaccine and infants from Hengdong County received the Vero cell JE vaccine. Part of the two groups infants from different city and county were tested for anti - JE neutralizing antibody before and 1 - month after vaccination and their adverse reactions were observed. Results The total rates of adverse reactions of living attenuated JE vaccine and Vero cell JE vaccine were.5.2 % and 8.8 % respectively. Febrile reaction was the main adverse reaction, accounted for 95.4 % and 92.3 % of these 2 kinds of vaccine, and disappeared after 72 hours. Of the living attenuated JE vaccine the antibody positive rate was 82.5% after basic immunization, and the geometric mean antibody titer （CMT） was 1：23.1. The antibody positive rate was 93.2% after boosting immunization, and the GMT was 1：28.6. Of the living attenuated JE vaccine the antibody positive rate was 83.2% after basic immunization, and the GMT was 1,25.1. The antibody positive rate was 93.7% after boosting immunization, and the GMT was 1：32.4. Conclusion Both the living attenuated JE vaccine and Vero cell JE vaccine are safe and effective, and should be recommended in the control and prevention of Japanese encephalitis.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗 Vero细胞乙脑疫苗 免疫效果 不良反应 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学]