太湖流域典型地区农村水环境氮、磷污染状况的研究  

Pollution Situation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Rural Water Environment in Typical Region of Tai Lake

作　　者：沃飞[1] 陈效民[1] 吴华山[1] 方堃[1] 甘在福[1] 庾亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第3期819-825,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40371055);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20030307018)

摘　　要：一年中分6次采样测定分析太湖流域典型地区(宜兴、常熟的王庄和辛庄)的农村各水体中总磷(TP)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)和铵态氮(NH4+-N)含量。结果表明,一年中的丰水期(5至9月),农田各个水体中氮、磷含量明显高于其他时期;地表水中NH+4-N含量较高,地下水中NO3--N含量也偏高。地下水中的NH+4-N污染程度高于NO3--N,其中宜兴和王庄地下水中的NH4+-N污染比辛庄严重,年均值分别为1.596和2.103mg·L-1,最高值分别为5.782和5.441mg·L-1,都超过了V类地下水限值的10倍以上。辛庄5至9月地下水中NO3--N含量超过了世界卫生组织(WHO)规定的生活饮用水硝态氮浓度10mg·L-1的上限,已不适合作饮用水。研究区域内太湖水TP年均含量为0.492mg·L-1,污染程度比农村灌溉水和城市河水严重,表现为TP在太湖中有累积的趋势;NO-3-N和NH4+-N年均为2.152和2.885mg·L-1,太湖长期处于富营养化状态。The pollution situation of nitrogen and phosphorus in rural water environment in typical region of Tai Lake was studied by determining the contents of total-phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen 6 times during a year in rural water body of Tai-lake typical region （Yixing, Wangzhuang and Xinzhuang）. The results showed that the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus during rainy season were higher than other periods obviously. In surface water, ammonium nitrogen was the main contamination and its content was higher than nitrate nitrogen. Nitrate nitrogen was the main pollution resource in groundwater, but the pollution of ammonium nitrogen was worse than nitrate nitrogen in groundwater. The annual average values of ammonium nitrogen in Yixing and Wangzhuang were 1.596 mg·L^-1 and 2.103 mg·L^-1, and the highest values were 5.782 mg·L^-1 and 5.441 mg·L^-1 respectively, which exceeded the standard limit of types Ⅴ of water quality about 10 times. The contents of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater of Xinzhuang from May to September exceeded the limit value （10 mg·L^-1） for drinking which prescribed by WHO, and it was not fit for drinking. In the study area of Tai-lake, the annual average content of phosphorus was 0.492 mg·L^-1, the pollution of phosphorus was worse than other surface water because of the accumulation trend of total-phosphorus, and in addition, the annual average contents of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were 2.152 mg·L^-1 and 2.885 mg·L^-1 respectively. Therefore, the water of Tai-lake in researched region is in the situation of eutrophication.

关 键 词：太湖流域 氮 磷 农田水环境 污染状况 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]