氰氟草酯和精噁唑禾草灵对蝌蚪的毒性研究  

Toxicity of Cyhalofop-butyl and Fenoxaprop-ethyl to Tadpole

作　　者：黄帆[1] 郭正元[1] 徐珍[1] 杨仁斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农业环保研究所,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第3期1063-1066,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘　　要：采用室内试验方法,以中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪为试验材料,研究了一种混配除草剂中的两种有效成分氰氟草酯和精噁唑禾草灵对蝌蚪的急性毒性和联合毒性。结果表明,精噁唑禾草灵对蝌蚪的毒性大于氰氟草酯。氰氟草酯对蝌蚪24、48、96h的半致死浓度LC50分别为43.08、40.33和38.20mg·L-1,精噁唑禾草灵对蝌蚪24、48和96h的LC50分别为8.17、7.40和6.85mg·L-1。氰氟草酯和精噁唑禾草灵共存对蝌蚪24、48和96h联合毒性的相加指数AI分别为-0.39,-0.33,-0.30,均表现为拮抗作用。Cyhalofop-buty and fenoxaprop-ethyl are two kinds of new herbicides commonly used in many countries, and a mixed herbicide composed by them has entered into the pesticide market. After application, they will enter the environment and animal body by many ways, but little is known about their toxic effects to amphibians. Using Bufo gargarizans tadpole as the experimental material, acute and joint toxicity tests of cyhalofop-butyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl were carried out. The results showed that the toxicity of fenoxaprop-ethyl to tadpoles was much more than that of cyhalofop-buty, LC50 of cyhalofop-butyl for the tadpole during 24, 48, 96 h were 43.05, 40.33 and 35.20 mg·L^-1 respectively; and LC50 of fenoxaprop-ethyl for the tadpole during 24, 48, 96 h were 8.17, 7.40 and 6.85 mg·L^-1 respectively. According to the standard of acute immobilization toxicity to amphibians, cyhalofop-buty was low-toxin but fenoxaprop-ethyl was medium-toxin to Bufo gargarizans tadpole. Using the addictive index method of marking, the addictive index （AI） of cyhalofop-butyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl to tadpole were -0.39, -0.33 and -0.30 in 24, 48 and 96 h respectively, showing antagonistic action. It was suggested that the two kinds of herbicides should be strictly controlled in order to prevent hazard to the aquatic animal and the environment.

关 键 词：氰氟草酯 精噁唑禾草灵 蝌蚪 急性毒性 联合毒性 

分 类 号：X503.225[环境科学与工程—环境工程]