氯硝柳胺3种剂型杀螺效果的比较研究  

Comparison of the molluscicidal effect of three formulations of niclosamide against Oncomelania snails

作　　者：戴建荣[1] 梁幼生[1] 李洪军[1] 陶永辉[1] 唐建霞 

机构地区：[1]江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所,无锡214064

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2007年第3期179-182,共4页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金(BK2006024);江苏省科技厅公益专项(BM2006712)

摘　　要：目的比较25%氯硝柳胺悬浮剂(SCN)、25%氯硝柳胺乳油(ECN)和50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN)的杀螺效果,为制定血吸虫病现场防治措施提供参考。方法用脱氯自来水配制SCN、ECN和WPN有效成分浓度分别为0.250、0.125、0.063、0.032mg/L和0.016mg/L药液待用。将100ml不同浓度的上述药液,分别倒入100ml烧杯中,再放入10只钉螺成螺或幼螺,上盖塑料纱网防止钉螺爬出液面。设立清水对照。在(25±1)℃的恒温实验室浸泡钉螺24、48h和72h后,倒去药液,清水冲洗钉螺,用敲击法鉴别钉螺死活并计数,计算LC50并进行统计学分析。结果25℃实验室,药液有效成分浓度0.125mg/L以上,SCN、ECN和WPN均有较高的杀成螺和幼螺作用,杀螺率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);药液有效成分浓度0.063mg/L,SCN和ECN的杀螺率高于WPN,杀螺率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SCN和ECN的24h浸杀螺LC50值为WPN的LC50值的一半,显示其杀螺作用强而快,其余SCN和ECN的LC50值均低于对应的WPN的LC50值。结论SCN与ECN和WPN相比,是一种杀螺效果更好、使用方便、价格便宜的适合现场应用的新制剂。Objective To compare the molluscicidal effect of suspension concentrate of 25% niclosamide （SCN） and emulsifiable concentrate of 25% niclosamide （ECN） and wettable powder of 50% niclosanide ethanolamide salt （WPN） against Oncomelania snails, in order to give the reference for schistosomiasis control in the field. Methods SCN, WCN and WPN were weighed and the solutions of 0. 250, 0. 125, 0. 063, 0. 032 and 0. 016 mg/L of the active ingredient （niclosamide） prepared in dechlorinated water. The 100 ml flasks were filled with the solutions and 10 adult or immature snails added and the flasks were covered with the plastic gauze to prevent snails from crawling out the solutions. The controls only had dechlorinated water. After being immersed for 24, 48 h and 72 h at 25℃, the snails were washed with dechlorinated water and fed for a further 48 h. The death of snails was determined by the knocked method and the LC50 was calculated. Results In the 0. 125 mg/L or more active content of the three formulations of niclosamide, there were high molluscicidal effects in laboratory, and there were no significant differences among the three formulations （P〈0. 05）. In 0. 063 mg/L active content of the three formulations, the death rates of SCN and ECN were higher than that of WPN, there was a significant difference between SCN and WPN or between ECN and WPN （P〈0. 05）. LC50 of SCN and ECN at 24 h were the half of WPN, other LC50 of SCN and ECN were lower than that of WPN. The price of SCN was the half of ECN. Conclusion Compared with ECN and WPN, SCN has the best molluscicidal effect against Oncomelania snails, and is the easiest and the cheapest for use in the field.

关 键 词：氯硝柳胺 悬浮剂 乳油 可湿性粉剂 钉螺 杀螺效果 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]