土壤水分胁迫对冬小麦生长的后效影响  

After-effects of Soil Water Stress on Winter Wheat Growth

作　　者：高志红[1] 陈晓远[1] 刘晓英[2] 罗远培[2] 

机构地区：[1]韶关学院英东生物工程学院,广东韶关512005 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《华北农学报》2007年第3期48-53,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(33135);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目资助(G1999011709)

摘　　要：为揭示土壤水分胁迫对冬小麦生长的后效影响及其规律,利用盆栽试验对供试冬小麦设置13种供水处理,测定作物株高、叶面积、冠干重及产量,研究水分胁迫对上述生理指标的后效影响。结果表明,中度水分胁迫对株高的后效影响大于重度水分胁迫,在重度水分胁迫下,除C5-A外,当前影响均大于后效影响;前期中度水分胁迫对叶面积的后效影响大于当前影响,后期则相反,重度水分胁迫对叶面积的当前影响大于后效影响;水分胁迫对冠重的后效影响大于当前影响;水分胁迫对冬小麦穗数的后效影响基本上表现为正效应,而对每穗粒数、千粒重、产量及WUE的后效影响则全部为负效应,拔节至孕穗阶段中度水分胁迫抽穗期复水的处理产量最高,达到对照的62%。不同程度、不同历时、不同生育阶段的水分胁迫,对作物生长均有后效应,并导致小麦减产。To investigate after-effects of water stress on winter wheat growth. The pot experiment including 13 kinds of water regime treatment were conducted in greenhouse. The height, leaf areas and dry weights of shoot for every pot were measured, yields were measured after harvest. The shoot growth and the responses of the yield to water stress were analyzed. The results showed that the after-effects of moderate water stress on plant height were greater than that of severe stress, the current-effects were greater than the after-effects under severe water stress at any growth stages, except for the treatment CS-A. The after-effects of earlier moderate water stress on leaf area were greater than the current-effects, and later moderate water stress was contrary to that, the after-effects of severe stress on leaf area were smaller than the current-effects of that. The after-effects of water stress by various level on shoot dry matter accumulation were greater than the current-effects of that. Water stress had a positive after-effects on the spike number of winter wheat plant, and the negative after-effects on the grain number per spike, 1 000-grain weight, grain yield and water use efficiency. The treatments rewatered at the heading stage after moderate water stress from the jointing stage to the hooting stage had the best effects on grain yield, which was up to 62 % of that of the control. Water stress at different growth of wheat, by various level and duration all had after-effects on plant growth, and reduced seed yield.

关 键 词：土壤水分胁迫 冬小麦 生长 后效应 

分 类 号：S512.01[农业科学—作物学]