松嫩平原作物现实生产力空间分布影响因素分析  

Analyses of Affecting Factors for Spatial Distribution of Actual Crop Productivity in Songnen Plain

作　　者：王宗明[1] 张柏[1] 宋开山[1] 李晓燕[1] 刘殿伟[1] 李建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2007年第7期85-91,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40401003);中国科学院东北振兴科技行动计划重大项目;中国科学院"东北之春"人才培养计划项目;中国科学院研究生科学与社会实践专项资助

摘　　要：本文通过分析松嫩平原主要作物—玉米和大豆现实生产力空间分布的主要影响因素,以阐明区域尺度作物生产力的重要控制因子。相关分析表明,玉米现实生产力与生长季降水量之间的相关关系最好,与年总太阳辐射之间的相关性次之,其次为与年平均气温之间的相关关系;大豆现实生产力与年降水量之间的相关关系最好,与年总太阳辐射之间的相关性稍差;大豆现实生产力与平均温度之间呈现较弱的负相关。不同坡度条件下玉米和大豆现实生产力水平并不存在显著差异,表明对于松嫩平原而言,坡度不是影响作物现实生产力水平的主要因素。不同类型耕作土壤对玉米和大豆现实生产力的影响分析表明,对于玉米而言,6类不同土壤条件下的玉米现实生产力存在以下规律:黑土>草甸土>黑钙土、暗棕壤和盐碱土>风沙土。不同土壤条件下的大豆现实生产力存在差异:黑土>草甸土>暗棕壤>黑钙土和盐碱土>风沙土。以500mm降水量等值线为界线,将松嫩平原分为东西两个部分,研究其作物生产力的差异。结果表明,松嫩平原东西两个部分玉米和大豆现实生产力水平在统计学上均具有显著差异。The main affecting factors concerning spatial distribution of maize and soybean actual productivity in Songnen Plain were studied. Controlling factors that affected the regional cropland productivity were found. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation index between maize actual productivity and the rainfall in growing seasons is the highest , the Correlations between the productivity and the annual solar radiation and the average annual temperature are relatively lower. For the actual productivity of soybean, the correlation index with annual rainfall is the highest, the correlation with annual solar radiation is lower. The actual productivity of soybean shows negative correlation with average temperature. The actual productivities of maize and soybean under different slopes have no significant differences, which shows that for croplands in Songen Plain, slope is not an important factor affecting crop actual productivity. For different soils, the rank of actual productivity of maize is black soil, meadow soil, chernozem, dark brown soil.saltierra and sahern, aeolian soil. For actual productivity of soybean, the rank is black soil, meadow soil, dark brown soil, chernozem.saltierra and sahern, aeolian soil. Divided by rainfall isoline of 500 mm, the actual productivity of maize and soybean in western part and eastern part of Songnen Plain were analyzed to find the variance. Results showed that, for actual productivity of maize and soybean, there is significant difference between the two parts.

关 键 词：作物生产力 影响因素 空间差异 松嫩平原 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学]