合理施肥对杂交粳稻生长发育和产量的影响  

Effect of Rational Fertilization on Growth and Development in Hybrid Japonica Rice

作　　者：张祥明[1] 郭熙盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《北方水稻》2007年第3期48-51,共4页North Rice

基　　金：国家和安徽省粮食丰产科技工程"安徽麦稻高效生产条件下养分资源运筹研究"项目资助

摘　　要：通过对农民习惯施肥与目标产量法确定的施肥方法的试验研究,结果表明:农民习惯施肥产量和肥料贡献率低的原因在于氮磷钾配比不合理,氮肥集中在水稻生育前期,与水稻对养分的生理需要不一致所致。杂交中粳稻在肥力水平中等的水稻田,以施氮量180 kg/hm2,N、P、K比例为1∶0.500∶0.667,氮肥的运筹方式以基肥∶蘖肥∶穗肥为40%∶30%∶30%的产量最高,达9 033.3 kg/hm2,比对照增产67.46%,肥料贡献率达到40.28%,比习惯施肥增产4.36%,肥料贡献率达到2.60%,对土壤的依存率明显下降。An experiment was conducted to compare farmers＇ habitual fertilizing method and yield-aiming determined fertilizing method. The results showed that the reason of low yield and low fertilizer contribution efficiency by farmer＇s habitual fertilizing method was that the ratio of N, P and K was unreasonable, and N fertilizer was applied mostly at early stage which was not in accordance with the physiological requirement of nutrition. The favorable nitrogen amount for hybrid medium japonica rice was 180 kg/hm^2 and the ratio of N： P： K was 1： 0.500： 0.667. As for nitrogen, when the ratio of basal fertilizer： tillering fertilizer： panicle fertilizer was 40%： 30%： 30%, the yield was 9 033.3 kg/hm^2 the highest in all treatments, higher than control by 67.46%, and higher than farmers＇ habitual fertilization by 4.36%. The fertilizer contribution efficiency reached 40.28%, and the dependence rate to soil decreased significantly.

关 键 词：合肥施肥 产量及构成因素 土壤贡献率 

分 类 号：S147.214[农业科学—肥料学]