基于GIS的流域非点源污染潜在风险区识别  

GIS Based Identification of Potential Risk Areas of Non-point Source Pollution in Hangbu-Fengle Watershed

作　　者：胡连伍[1] 王学军[1] 罗定贵[1] 蒋颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2007年第3期107-110,115,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40021101);教育部优秀青年教师教学科研奖励计划资助

摘　　要：地表水环境非点源风险区识别是开展非点源污染控制与管理工作的重要内容。借鉴USLE参数化模型的成功经验,引入施肥调整因子及河网因子,把城镇用地和农村居民用地作为非点源的源因子赋值,并与GIS相结合,用于识别以农业景观为主的杭埠—丰乐河流域非点源污染风险区,结果显示,流域地表水氮磷风险区集中分布在龙河口水库周边及其上游地区,主要原因为陡坡开垦为农田,由于水库对非点源的截留作用,该区域对巢湖的影响并不大;丰乐河中上游部分和杭埠河邻近龙河口水库的下游部分也是重要的集中分布区之一,该区域会对巢湖营养元素产生较大的影响。流域大于均值风险区占了流域面积的5.62%,而农业用地又占了其中的86.47%,说明农业非点源污染是该流域地表水环境非点源污染的关键源区。In order to improve water quality, it is essential to identify non-point source risk areas for pollution control when the point sources have been controlled. Modified USLE model was used to identify the risk areas of the Hangbu-Fengle watershed with the help of the spatial analysis tool of GIS. The risk maps were classified. Results show that the high risk areas are mainly distributed around the upper area of Longhekou reservoir. The upper and middle areas of Fengle watershed and the lower area of Hangbu watershed near Longhekou reservoir are critical for eutrophication of Chao Lake. The regions with the risk bigger than average cover less than 5.62 % of the total watershed area, in which the agricultural landuse accounts for 86.47 %. This indicates that agricultural landuse has higher risk.

关 键 词：杭埠-丰乐河流域 USLE GIS 风险区 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824