咸水滴灌对土壤盐分分布、棉花生长和产量的影响  

The Effect of Drip Irrigation with Saline Water to the Distribution of Salt and Development and Yield of Cotton

作　　者：王艳娜[1] 侯振安[1] 龚江[1] 肖丽[1] 马丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院资源与环境科学系,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期158-162,共5页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30460062)

摘　　要：通过大田试验研究了不同滴灌方式下利用咸水灌溉对土壤水盐分布和棉花生长与产量的影响。研究表明，随着咸水浓度的增加，土壤含水量和土壤盐度升高。受到土壤水分分布和运移的影响，地下滴灌处理土壤盐分表聚程度较地表滴灌方式要轻；但在20~40cm出现了盐分累积现象，表明土壤盐分的运移和分布与滴灌的埋深密切相关。棉花干物质积累量随着灌溉水矿化度的升高而降低，棉花作为耐盐作物，利用3.62dS/m的微咸水进行灌溉，对棉花干物质积累量影响不大。6.71dS/m咸水灌溉处理的籽棉产量显著地低于0.33dS/m，而3.62dS/m咸水灌溉处理则对棉花产量影响并不显著，表明利用较低浓度的咸水对棉花进行灌溉，对棉花产量影响不大。A field experiment with saline water at different concentrations （0.33dS/m, 3.62dS/m,6.71dS/m ）was carried out to evaluate effects on distribution of water and salt and the development and yield of cotton. There are two irrigation methods, subsurface drip irrigation and drip irrigation. The soil water content and soil salinity increased with the increasing of water salt concentration. Soil salinity accumulated at topsoil more under drip irrigation more than subsurface drip irrigation for which soil salt build up at 20 - 40cm. It indicated that the transportation and distribution of soil salt are closely related with the depth of the emitters. Cotton dry matter weight and yield dropped with increasing of water salt concentration, but both were not significant affected by low concentration（ less than 3.62dS/m） saline water.

关 键 词：滴灌方式 咸水 棉花 水盐分布 

分 类 号：S642.207.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]