一种非离子型水性聚氨酯表面活性剂的合成及性能  

Synthesis and properties of nonionic water-borne polyurethane surfactants

作　　者：曾小君[1] 袁荣鑫[1] 郁燕萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院化学与材料工程系,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2007年第2期76-79,84,共5页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究课题基金资助项目(05KJD150002);江苏高校高新技术产业发展研究课题基金资助项目(JHZD05-022);江苏省新型功能材料重点建设实验室开放研究课题基金资助项目(05KFJJ001)

摘　　要：以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、蓖麻油和聚乙二醇(PEG)等为主要原料,通过逐步聚合得到一种非离子型水性聚氨酯表面活性剂,并利用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征。讨论了加料方式、蓖麻油用量、PEG400用量、亲水单体等因素对产品性能的影响。实验结果表明,当n(蓖麻油)∶n(TDI)∶n(PEG400)=1∶9∶11时,采用先加入蓖麻油,然后滴加TDI,最后加入PEG的加料方式,能够合成得到综合性能较好的非离子型水性聚氨酯表面活性剂。对该表面活性剂在水相中的表面活性进行了测试,所制得的非离子型水性聚氨酯表面活性剂(PU-1)的相对分子质量为3 650,其临界胶束浓度约为27 g/L,水溶液的最低表面张力为44 mN/m。A series of nonionic water - borne polyurethane surfactants were prepared using toluene di - isocynate （TDI）, castor oil and polyethylene glycol （PEG） as raw materials. Their chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis. The effects of mode of feeding of raw materials, the dosage of castor oil, PEG400 and hydrophilic monomer on the prepared polymer＇s properties were discussed. The results showed that the suitable mole ratio of castor oil, TDI and PEG400 can be identified as 1 ： 9 ： 11, and the sequence of the feeding of raw materials is to feed castor oil first, then add TDI gradually, and finally add the PEG400. Under such conditions, nonionic water - borne polyurethane surfactant product with good comprehensive performance can be obtained. Surface activity of the water- borne polyurethane product in aqueous solution was measured that the relative molecular weight of the PU- 1 product is 3 650 and the cmc is about 27 g/L with the surface tension of 44 mN/m.

关 键 词：非离子型表面活性剂 水性聚氨酯 蓖麻油 聚乙二醇 甲苯-2 4-二异氰酸酯 合成 性能 

分 类 号：TQ423.2[化学工程]