扁蓿豆种子发育形态解剖学研究  

Study on Morphology and Anatomy during Melilotoides ruthenicus Seed Development

作　　者：杜宝红[1] 石凤翎[1] 锡林塔娜[1] 孙媛媛[1] 高翠萍[1] 李红[1] 孙静[1] 李泽江[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《种子》2007年第6期7-11,共5页Seed

基　　金：国家"八六三"项目"抗旱节水植物新品种筛选与利用"(2002AA2Z4011)

摘　　要：试验采用常规发芽法测定了扁蓿豆种子不同发育时期的发芽能力,并利用石蜡切片法对扁蓿豆种子发育进行了形态解剖学研究。结果表明:(1)栽培驯化后的直立型扁蓿豆种子千粒重和体积小于野生扁蓿豆。(2)种皮外的角质层、种皮的栅状细胞和种脐的结构是造成扁蓿豆种子硬实的重要原因之一。(3)开花后21天左右,种子形成成熟胚。成熟种胚存在3片子叶的异常现象。(4)胚乳发育属核型发育类型。(5)直立型扁蓿豆种子在黄熟后期发芽率最高为81%,硬实率最低为19%;野生扁蓿豆种子在黄熟前期发芽率最高为20%,硬实率也最高为80%。The experiment adopt ordinary germination to measure Melilotoides ruthenicus seed＇ s germination capacity in different development stages. And using general paraffin section study on morphology and anatomy ofMelilotoides ruthenicus seed development. The results showed as follows： （ 1 ） The weight of per 1000 seeds and seed volume ofMelilotoides ruthenica （L.）Sojak cv. Zhilixing which had been cultivated and acclimated are smaller than M. ruthenica （ L. ） Sojak. （ 2 ） The three of some important reasons that M. ruthenica forms hard seeds are the cuticle outside seed coat, palisade cells of seed coat and hila structure. （3） After blossoming about 21 days, seed embryo is maturation. The maturated seed embryo exists abnormal phenomenon that cotyledons are three. （4） The endosperm development ofMelilotoides ruthenica is of the Nuclear type. （5）The later stage of yellow maturity, the rate of germination ofM. ruthenica （ L. ） Sojak cv. Zhilixing is the highest （ 81% ） and the rate of rigidity is the lowest （19%）. The earlier stage of yellow maturity,the rate of germination of M. ruthenica （ L. ） Sojak is the highest （20%） and the rate of rigidity is the highest （80%） too.

关 键 词：扁蓿豆 种子发育 发芽能力 形态解剖 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]