天然彩色棉纤维与染色棉纤维鉴别方法的研究  

STUDY ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF NATURAL COLOR COTTON FIBER AND DYED COTTON FIBER

作　　者：洪华[1] 徐鑫华[2] 吴浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通出入境检验检疫局,江苏南通226005 [2]江苏出入境检验检疫局,江苏南京210001

出　　处：《检验检疫科学》2007年第1期23-28,共6页Inspection and Quarantine Science

摘　　要：[目的]为天然彩色棉纤维的鉴别提供快速、准确的方法。[方法]通过测试纤维的断裂强力、用显微镜投影仪观察纤维纵切面和横切面形态及横截面色彩分布、以20h日晒牢度级数差别、剥色处理后的掉色情况鉴别和判断样品是否为天然彩色棉纤维。[结果]1)相同支数的天然彩色棉的断裂强力较染色棉低约20%￣30%。2)纤维纵切面基本无区别,棕色天然彩棉比绿色彩棉成熟度高。3)在纤维横截面上,天然彩棉色彩呈片状,且分布不均匀,主要分布在次生细胞壁及细胞腔内,染色棉色彩均匀分布在整个细胞内。4)日晒10h、40h处理下色牢度差异不明显,天然彩棉与染色棉纤维在日晒20h处理下的色牢度差异明显。5)加入二甲基甲酰胺振荡5min或在(70+2)℃、pH=6条件下振荡10min,再加入连二亚硫酸钠振荡5min对纤维样品进行剥色处理后,天然彩棉与染色棉掉色差异明显。[结论]通过测试断裂强力可粗略判断天然彩棉与染色棉织物;纤维横截面形态、日晒20h色牢度、剥色处理后的色牢度等均可作为鉴别彩棉纤维与染色棉纤维的依据。这些方法可满足进出口商品检验的要求。This is to provide a rapid and accurate method to identify natural color cotton fiber.By measuring the determination of breaking force, observing longitudinal section and transverse section modality of the fiber and the color distribution of the transverse section, and the difference of the 20h＇s light fastness, the fading after stripping color to identification if the sample is natural color cotton fiber. The determination of breaking force of natural color cotton is lower about 20%-30% than the same yam number of dyed cotton. Longitudinal sections of the fiber are almost the same, and the maturity of the brown natural color cotton is higher than the green. On the transverse section of natural color cotton fiber, colors are sheet and heterogeneous, mainly distribute in secondary cell wall and lumen, the colors of dyed cotton distribute in the whole cell. Differences after treating with sunlight for 10h and 40h are inconspicuous, but there＇s obvious difference of treating natural color cotton and dyed cotton fiber with light fastness for 20h. Add Dimethylformamide （DMF）, then surge for 5min,or surge for 10min in the condition of 70℃±2℃, pH=6 and then add sodium hydrosulfite to extract color, the fading of natural color cotton and dyed cotton is obviously different. Natural color cotton and dyed cotton can be identification roughly by measuring the determination of breaking force; then can be identification according to transverse section modality, 20h＇s light fastness, color fastness after extracting color, etc. These methods can meet the reauest of the import-export commodity inspection.

关 键 词：天然彩色棉纤维 染色棉纤维 色彩分布 剥色分析 耐人造光色牢度 

分 类 号：TS117[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]