低水平铅暴露对雄性幼兔睾丸组织和内分泌激素影响的研究  

The Effect of Low-Level Lead Exposure on the Testicle Tissue and Hormone of Male Rabbits in Juvenile Stage

作　　者：余高妍[1] 颜崇淮[1] 余晓刚 左勇[2] 余晓丹[1] 徐健[1] 张燕萍[1] 邹向宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学 医学院 附属新华医院 上海市儿科医学研究所 上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海交通大学 医学院 细胞生物研究室,上海200025

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2007年第3期300-304,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室资助(编号:04DZ05904;06DZ22024)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨幼年期低水平铅暴露对雄性幼兔睾丸组织和内分泌激素的影响。[方法]将16只离乳(45d)雄性健康新西兰幼兔随机分为对照组和染铅组,每组8只,染铅组喂含5mg/kg·d醋酸铅的饲料,持续6周,建立低水平铅暴露雄性幼兔模型。用原子吸收分光光谱仪测定血铅,睾丸组织经微波消解后,用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测铅含量,光镜和电镜观察睾丸的组织结构和超微结构,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中睾酮(T)、促黄体生成激素(LH)和促卵泡生成激素(FSH)水平。[结果]染铅组的血铅和睾丸铅显著升高(f_(血铅)=100.08、t_(丸铅)=21.76,P<0.01);睾丸湿重和睾丸湿重系数显著降低(t_(睾丸湿重)=21.896、t_(睾丸湿重系数)=22.03,P<0.01);血清T和LH水平显著降低(t_T=13.151、t_LH=6.673,P<0.01);光镜和电镜下观察到睾丸的各级生精细胞和间质细胞数量减少,各级生精细胞和支持细胞的形态和结构异常,部分毛细血管内皮细胞变性,内皮细胞紧密连接开放。[结论]幼年期低水平铅暴露可以破坏雄性幼兔睾丸的血睾屏障,损伤睾丸的各级生精细胞、支持细胞和间质细胞,并可能干扰下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴正常的内分泌调节功能,降低内分泌激素水平。[ Objective ] To explore the effect of low-level lead exposure on the testicle tissue and hormone of male rabbits in juvenile stage. [ Methods ] Sixteen 45-day-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group and lead- exposed group with 8 in each group. Rabbits in the lead-exposed group were treated with 5 mg/kg-day lead acetate in their forage for 6 weeks to establish low-level lead exposure animal model. The blood lead levels and the lead concentrations in testicle were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer （ AAS ） and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ ICP-MS ） respectively. Histopathology and ultra-microstructure in testicle tissue were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The levels of testosterone（ T ）, luteinizing hormone（ LH ）and follicular stimulating hormone（ FSH ）in serum were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbont assay（ ELISA ）. [ Results ] Compared with the control group, there were significant increase in blood lead levels and lead concentrations in testicle in the lead-exposed group（ for blood lead levels： t = 100.08, P 〈 0.01 i for lead concentrations in testicle： t = 21.76, P 〈 0.01 ）, significant decrease in testicle wet weight（ t = 21.896, P 〈 0.01 ）and testicle wet weight coefficient（ t = 22.03, P 〈 0.01 ）, as well as obvious decrease in the levels ofT（ t = 13.151, P 〈 0.01 ）and LH in serum（ t = 6.673, P 〈 0.01 ）. With light microscope and eleetron microscope, the following phenomena were manifestly observed： the population of spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells decreased, the shape and structure of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells distorted, endothelial cells degenerated, and the tight junction released. [ Conclusion ] For male rabbits in juvenile stage exposed to low- level lead, the blood-testical-barrier was destroyed, spermatogenic cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells were remarkably damaged, and the levels of hormone decreased.

关 键 词：铅 睾丸 内分泌激素 幼年期 兔 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]