银鲳仔鱼消化系统的组织学研究  

Histological studies on development of digestive system in larval Pampus argenteus

作　　者：高露姣[1] 施兆鸿[1] 严莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200090

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2007年第4期540-546,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：上海市农委重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2004)第8-3号);上海市科委自然基金项目(06ZR14119)

摘　　要：对出膜后1～12d银鲳（Pampus argenteus）仔鱼的消化系统进行了形态学和组织学观察。在水温为22～24℃和盐度25～28情况下，初孵仔鱼具很大的卵黄囊，消化管为一简单的直形盲管，管腔狭窄，口和肛门尚未与外界接通。3d仔鱼消化系统分化加快，在卵黄囊凹陷部位出现2～3个弯曲，已初步分化出食道、胃、肠和肝脏，肠管也变粗。4d仔鱼消化系统各器官初步形成。5d仔鱼出现侧囊，并见部分卵黄囊和油球。7d卵黄囊和油球基本被完全吸收，仔鱼主动摄食轮虫和小球藻，从内源性营养向外源性营养的过渡基本完成。12d以后仔鱼肝脏明显分为两叶，体积增大；幽门盲囊指状分支已增加到几十根；食道、胃和肠的黏膜皱褶明显增多和加深，肠黏膜上皮细胞高度增加，游离面纹状缘发达；胃黏膜的单层柱状上皮高度和胃腺细胞数量也明显增加；但整个消化道的黏膜下层、肌肉层均不发达，说明12d仔鱼已具初步消化和吸收功能。[中国水产科学，2007，14（4）：540—546]Silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus, is a valuable fish species for human food with considerable market demand in China, because of its soft, tender flesh, few bones and good taste. Despite its commercial improtance, no studies have been carried out on the histology of its digestive system. The low viability of silver porrdret fry during artificial reproduction is due to little knowledge about its digestive system and inappropriate diet. In our experiment, the development of digestive system and associated glands of P. argenteus was examined histologically from the first day to the 12th day after hatching. The newly hatched larvae were reared in larval rearing tanks （300 L working volume） and were continuously supplied with fresh air. Salinity of seawater was 25 - 28 and temperature was maintained at 22 - 24 ℃. The 1-day-old larva had one big yolk sac, and their digestive tract was only a straight diverticulum, without communication with outside. The digestive tract of 3-day-old larva had two or three curves and was differentiated to esophagus, stomachand intestine. At the same time, primitive hepatocyte aggregate appeared. On the 4th day after hatching, Chlorella sp. and rotifer enriched with DHA were fed to the silver pomfret lavae. Some larvae started to in-take food passively,and to excrete metabolite. Yolk sac seemed to get less and less, because the yolk ares absorbed gradually. It disappeared till the 7th day after hatching, so larva yeas at mixotrophic stage during 4 - 6 days after hatching. Esophageal sac was an especial structure of Stromateoidei. Histological observation in- dicated that 5-day-old silver pomfret larva had the rudiment of esophageal sac. Up to 12th day, the esophageal sac could mill food to some extent. Besides this, a larva had two piece of livers, more and deep mueosal folds of esophagus, stomach and intestine, and more pyloric caecas. Striated border of intestine of 12-day-old larva was strong, and tubuliform gland cells of stomach of 12-day old larva were abundant, but the submuc

关 键 词：银鲳 仔鱼 消化系统 形态学 组织学 

分 类 号：Q959.483[生物学—动物学]