温度和盐度对橄榄蚶耗氧率和排氨率的影响  

Effects of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of clam Estellarca olivacea

作　　者：张媛[1] 方建光[1] 毛玉泽[1] 张继红[1] 薛素燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 [2]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2007年第4期690-694,共5页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家973计划资助项目(2006CB400608);国家科技基础条件平台资助项目(2003DIB3J107)

摘　　要：测定不同温度（15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃）和盐度（16、21、26、31、36）对橄榄蚶（Estellarca olivacea）呼吸和排泄的影响。结果表明，温度和盐度对橄榄蚶的耗氧率和排氨率都有显著影响（P〈0．05）。在15～30℃范围内，橄榄蚶单位软体干质量耗氧率（OR）、排氨率（NR）都随温度的升高而升高，变化范围分别为0．37～0．65mg／（g·h）和1．74～3．15μmol／（g·h）；耗氧率和排氨率与温度（t）之间的相关方程分别为：ORγ[mg／（g·h）]=0．3234e^0.1765t（R^2=0．9755，P〈0．05）；NRγ[μmol／（g·h）]=1．3788e^0.1986t（R^2=0．9784，P〈0．05）。在16～36盐度范围内，橄榄蚶单位软体干质量耗氧率和排氨率开始时随盐度的升高而降低，在盐度26时达到最小值，然后随盐度的升高而升高，变化范围分别为0．43～0．60mg／（g·h）和1．75～3．26μmaol／（g·h）；耗氧率和排氨率与盐度（S）之间的相关方程分别为：ORs[mg／（g·h）]=0．0014s^2-0．0751s＋1．4312（R^2=0．9455，P〈0．05，n=30）；NRs[μmol／（g·h）]=0．0105s^2-0．5728s＋9．7114（R^2=0．9285，P〈0．05，n=30）。[中国水产科学，2007，14（4）：690—694]Clam Estellarca olivacea is distributed in Philippines, Japan and China. In this study, four levels of water temperatures （15 ℃ ,20 ℃ ,25 ℃ and 30 ℃） and five levels of water salinities （16,21,26,31 and 36 ） were designed to determine the relationship between oxygen consumption （O） and ammonia respiration （N） rate of E. olivacea, and the effects of temperature and salinity on the relationship under controlled laboratory conditions. The dry weight of soft tissue of E. olivacea was （0. 122 ± 0.025）g（ n = 48）. The experimental results were as follows：the respiration and excretion of clam E. olivacea were affected by temperature and salinity significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. Under the oontrolled conditions of ambient temperature 15 - 30 ℃, both oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate increased with the increase of temperature. Oxygen consumption rate ranged from 0.37 to 0.65 mg/（g· h） with a mean value of 0.51 mg/（g· h）, and am- monia excretion rate ranged from 1.74 to 3.15μmol/（g· h） with a mean value of 2.32μmol/（g· h）. The value of atomic ratio of O to N ranged from 12.99 to 15.43 under the controlled conditions of ambient temperature 15 -30 ℃. Under salinity 16- 36, oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate decreased with the increase of salinity from 16 to 26, then increased with salinity from 26 to 36. Oxygen consumption rate ranged from 0.43 to 0.60 mg/（g·h） with a mean value of 0.52 mg/（g·h）, and ammonia excretion rate ranged from 1.75 to 3.26μmol/（g· h） with a mean value of 2.45μmol/（g· h）. The expeximent provided some fundamental information for the further study on the physiology and eoology of clam E. olivacea ,and played an important role for its wide culture. [Journal of Fishery Sdences of China,2007,14（4）：690-694]

关 键 词：橄榄蚶 温度 盐度 耗氧率 排氨率 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]