太平天国乡官的任用标准与社会功效  

The Appointment Standard and Social Effect of Taiping's Local Official

作　　者：王明前[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学历史系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2007年第3期311-316,共6页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

摘　　要：对太平天国乡官制度的研究,传统的阶级分析论观点过分拘泥在乡官的阶级成分上,并以此为基础判定政权的性质。其实,以历史当事人的视角去认识当时的政策,是一种更客观的研究角度。太平天国任用乡官的标准,是建立在太平天国地方行政的政治需要之上的。出于以征收粮赋为重点的传统地方行政的需要,太平天国着意与精通传统行政事务的地方名流合作。从社会功效角度来看,太平天国当局通过发挥地方人士的行政优势,很好地弥补了自身行政经验的不足,成功影响了地方政治,并有效缓冲了自身对农村社会的冲击。The traditional studies in the system of local officials in the rural areas during the rule of ＂Taiping Heavenly Kingdom＂ have been confined to the class ingredient of local officials, and have accordingly justified the nature of Taiping＇ s power regime. In fact it will offer a more objective approach to analyze it from the perspective of persons concerned at the time. Taiping＇ s appointment standards of local officials are based on its political demand for local administration. Taiping authorities actively seek for political cooperation with local gentry that are skilful at traditional local administration in order to satisfy the need of local administration which emphasizes levying grains and taxes. In terms of social effect Taiping＇ s authorities successfully compensate its lack of administrative experiences with the presence of local officials. In this way, it exerts positive impact upon operations of local politics, and effectively cushions its lash onto the rural sector.

关 键 词：太平天国 乡官制度 任用标准 社会功效 

分 类 号：K254.2[历史地理—历史学]