40种含氧金矿物在陕西驾鹿金矿床的发现及初步分类  

THE FIRST DISCOVERY OF 40 KIONDS OF OXYGEN-BEARING GOID MINERAIS AND THE INITIAL CLASSIFICATION IN JIALU GOLD ORE DEPOSIT,SHAANXI PROVINCE

作　　者：周新春[1] 翟明国[2] 刘良[3] 王正[1] 徐忠良[1] 张华[1] 曾长华[1] 贾小梅[1] 舒桂明[4] 徐平[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民武警部队武警黄金八支队,新疆乌鲁木齐830057 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [3]西北大学,陕西西安710069 [4]北京大学,北京100871

出　　处：《新疆地质》2007年第2期132-139,共8页Xinjiang Geology

摘　　要：陕西驾鹿金矿床首次发现的40种含氧金矿物,呈褐、紫、黑等不同色调,多为不规则粒状及微细晶集合体,粒径0.01~0.5mm;条痕紫、黑色、半金属光泽,不透明;反射多色性显著;摩氏硬度2~3.这40种含氧金矿物主体与黄铁矿、碲金矿和石英共生,属于内生热液成因.依据金的地球化学行为,以及区内含氧金矿物富含Te（10%~20%）和不等量Mn的特征,认为该矿床成矿元素（Au）主要是在碲酸及硫酸溶液中,在有氧化剂MnO2存在的条件下迁移富集成矿.通过细致的电子探针分析,初步确定了驾鹿金矿床中16个类型40种含氧金矿物,主要成分为Au、Pb、Fe、Te和O.这些矿物在主要成分上虽与前苏联发现的别斯麦特矿、毕利宾矿、博格丹诺夫矿以及我国东坪金矿床发现的金的碲酸盐矿物有类似之处,但因其普遍含不等的Mn、Ca或Al、As、Co、Ni等而又有所不同,因此很可能是一系列新的矿物种或新（亚）种金矿物.X-射线衍射分析表明,大部分晶体结构可能是由Au、Ag、Cu、Fe或Pb等金属互化物组成的假立方晶格与一个由β-TeO2（可能包括PbO或CaO）组成的斜方晶格的混晶,但不排除它们是含金氧化物的可能性.还有些可能是玻璃质或纳米级矿物,少部分则呈现准晶态物质的特征.4o kinds of oxygen-bearing gold minerals firstly discovered in Jialu gold mine show brown, purple and black in different tones. They often appear as irregularly fine crystalline grained aggregates ranging from 0.01mm to 050mm in diameter. They show a purplish black streak and a submetallic luster ,with opaque and apparent pleochroism. The HM is 2-3. The hosts of these 40 kinds of oxygen-bearing gold minerals are closely associated with pyrite, calaverite and quartz, suggesting that the genesis is related to endogenetic hydrothermal process. From the point of geochemical behavior of gold, the enrichment in Te（10%-20%） of oxygen-bearing gold minerals and the character of Mn in it,it is considered that the gold of this mine is migrated and enriched in sulfate solution with MnO2.16 types and 40 species of oxygen-bearing gold minerals have basically been confirmed in Jialu gold mine based on microprobe analyses. The main composite elements of these minerals are Au,Pb,Fe,Te and O, which are similar to that of Bessmertnovite,Bilibinskite and Bogdanovite discovered in pre-Soviet Union,and gold-bearing tellurate （subtellurate）in Dongping gold mine in China. Their trace elements,however, are Mn,Ca,or A1,As,Coand Ni,etc.,which are different from those minerals mentioned above. Therefore, these oxygen-bearing gold minerals would be a series of new mineral species, or new subspecies of gold minerals. An analysis from X-ray powder fiffraction indicates that most of the minerals are mix-crystal composed of Au,Ag,Cu,Fe or Pb with pseudocubic and a -TeO2 （probably also including PbO or CaO） with ortheorhombic, but possibly are gold-bearing oxides also,and some of vitreous or millimicronic minerals,and that a few are quasicystal.

关 键 词：驾鹿金矿床 含氧金矿物 成分特征 初步分类 

分 类 号：P578.11[天文地球—矿物学]