苏南地区部分河道底泥中的有机物污染状况及分布特征  

Organic Contamination in River Sediment and Its Distribution Characteristics in Southern Jiangsu

作　　者：冯艳红[1] 林玉锁[2] 张孝飞[2] 徐亦纲[2] 俞飞[2] 徐建[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,江苏南京210095 [2]国家环境保护总局南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第4期1240-1244,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973-2002CB410805);国家科技攻关计划课题(2002BA906A76)

摘　　要：分别在镇江、宜兴和常州采集了部分农村居民生活区、农田附近和养殖厂周围13个底泥样品,采用GC/MS方法测定了底泥中有机污染物的含量,研究苏南地区农村河道底泥有机污染物的污染状况及分布特征。结果表明,苯酚类、多环芳烃类、邻苯二甲酸酯类、硝基芳烃类、氯代烃类、苯胺和对二胺基联苯类、有机磷类共27种有机污染物在不同的采样点样品均有检出,比较河道底泥样品中不同有机污染物含量,邻苯二甲酸酯类和多环芳烃类的含量相对较高,其中邻苯二甲酸酯类的含量范围为0.038￣12.775mg·kg-1,平均含量为2.844mg·kg-1;多环芳烃类的含量范围为0.098￣1.959mg·kg-1,平均含量为0.538mg·kg-1,说明河道底泥中邻苯二甲酸酯类和多环芳烃类污染较严重。另外不同类型底泥的污染程度呈居民生活区>养殖厂周围>农田附近的趋势。A great deal of river sewage sludge has been accumulated in rural watercourses in recent twenty years. In the process of disposing river sewage sludge, how to stabilize and dispose it harmlessly has been attracting much attention. The effect of heavy metals in sewage sludge on the quality of soil environment has been studied before, but there is little report referring to organic contamination in sewage sludge. The status and distribution characteristics of organic pollutants in the sediment of rural watercourses in Southern Jiangsu were investigated. The contents of organic pollutants in sediment samples collected from 13 sites of Zhenjiang, Yixing and Changzhou were analyzed quantitatively by using gas chromatography and mass spectrum （GC/MS）. 27 kinds of organic pollutants were detected in the samples taken from different sites, including phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalic acid esters, nitryl aromatic hydrocarbons, chloric hydrocarbons, aniline, benzidine and organic phosphor, with the mean contents of total phthalic acid esters and PAHs being 2.844 mg·kg^-1 （range： 0.038-12.775 mg·kg^-1） and 0.538 mg·kg^-1 （range： 0.098-1.959 mg·kg^-1）, respectively. Compared with other organic pollutants, the contents of PAEs and PAHs in sediments were higher, illustrating that the contamination of PAEs and PAHs was serious in sediment. In addition, the contents of organic pollutants varied with the types of sediments collected from nearby rural residential area, breeding site and farmland, with the order： nearby residential area〉 nearby breeding site〉 nearby farmland.

关 键 词：农村 河道底泥 有机污染物 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]