狐狸饲养场环境气载内毒素与细菌气溶胶的研究  

Detection of Airborne Endotoxin and Bacterial Aerosol in Fox Farm

作　　者：张彬[1] 于晓霞[1] 柴同杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2007年第4期1585-1590,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：2005年国家自然科学基金项目:"动物舍微生物气溶胶传播模式研究"(30571381)

摘　　要：采用AGI-30(All Glass Impinger AGI-30)和Andersen^(-6)空气微生物收集器对泰安市郊不同饲养条件的两狐狸饲养场6个养殖舍的气载内毒素和细菌气溶胶进行了检测,以达到客观地评价气载内毒素和细菌气溶胶对狐狸舍环境的污染及对饲养人员健康的潜在危害。结果表明,两个饲养场气载内毒素的浓度介于2.88×102￣2.09×103EU·m^(-3)之间和2.41×101￣2.66×102EU·m^(-3)之间,部分超出了对人体无影响的推荐标准(1.0×102EU·m-3),说明狐狸场饲养人员的健康会受到一定的影响。气载需氧革兰氏阴性菌浓度介于4.07×101￣2.03×103CFU·m^(-3)之间和4.07×101￣4.43×103CFU·m^(-3)之间,以大肠杆菌科细菌为主,假单胞菌属和巴斯德氏菌属细菌次之;从革兰氏阴性菌在Andersen-6空气微生物收集器层级上的分布规律看,主要分布在C级(36.9%),气溶胶颗粒直径在2￣6μm之间,可以进入到动物和人的支气管,甚至细支气管,虽然致病菌的浓度不高,但在一定程度上也增加了狐狸场动物和养殖人员呼吸道疾病发生的可能性。Concentrations of airborne endotoxin and bacteria-aerosols were measured by AGI-30 （All Glass Impinger AGI-30） and Ander- sen-6 stage sampler in six stables of two different fox farms in Taian to objectively evaluate the pollution and harm of airborne endotoxin and bacterial aerosols. Concentrations of airborne endotoxin were 2.88×10^2 to 2.09×10^3 EU ·m^-3 and 2.41×10^6 to 2.66×10^2 EU·m^-3 in the two farms, respectively, which exceeded the standard of no infection to people＇s health （1.0×10^2 EU·m^-3）. Concentrations of airborne aerobic gram-negative bacteria were 4.07×10^1 to 2.03×10^3 CFU·m^-3 and 4.07×10^l to 4.43×10^3 CFU ·m^-3, and in the bacterial family the species Enterobacteriaceae was predominant, the Pasteurella and the Pseudomonas took second place. Based on the distribution in the six layers of An- dersen-6 stage sampler, anaerobic gram-negative bacteria mainly distributed in the C stage （36.9%） with aerodynamic diameters 2- 6μm, which can reach trachea and bronchia even bronchiole. Although the concentrations of pathogen were very low, all of the pathogen severely threatened the respiratory tract of stockmen and farm animals.

关 键 词：狐狸场 环境 气载内毒素 气载需氧革兰氏阴性细菌 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]