焚烧、水泥窑和安全填埋法处置PCBs污染物技术优选  

Assessment on PCBs Wastes Treatment Technologies Including Incineration, Cement Kiln and Secure Landfill

作　　者：邢颖[1] 吕永龙[1] 史雅娟[1] 王铁宇[1] 罗维[1] 汪光[1] 马骅[1] 孙亚梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室

出　　处：《环境科学》2007年第3期673-678,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40471130)

摘　　要：应用层次分析法和专家调查法,综合考虑环境、技术、社会和经济因素,建立了PCBs处置技术选择与评估的层次模型,分析了影响PCBs处置技术方案选择的重要因素.针对3种有较大应用前景的PCBs污染物处置技术,开展定性与定量相结合的方案评价.在处置对象为低浓度与高浓度PCBs污染物2种情况下,分别进行方案的优选.研究指出,环境影响是最重要的因素,在目前中国现有国情条件下,焚烧法是最适宜的PCBs处置技术.对高浓度PCBs污染物,或低浓度污染物具备经济条件或处理量较大,宜采取专用焚烧炉焚烧处置.对低浓度污染物,在不具备经济条件且处理量不大的情况下,可考虑利用水泥窑法或安全填埋法进行处置,并且参考就近处理的原则.此外,对不同技术方案的适用条件和改进措施也进行了探讨,并在此基础上提出了提高PCBs处置水平的政策建议.Analytic hierarchy process and a specialist investigation were applied to value the three PCBs treatment technologies qualitatively and quantitatively, in which the environmental, technological, social and economic factors were considered. The most important factor is thought to be environmental impact. Incineration is proved to be the most suitable technology in this period according to the research. For the high concentration of PCBs pollutants, or the low concentration of PCBs pollutants with good economic performance and large quantity of waste, incineration is considered the best. For the low concentration of PCBs pollutants in the area with bad economic performance and with little quantity of waste, cement kiln and landfill are thought to be suitable. It is also suggested that pollutants be treated at the nearest place. What＇ s more, the measures to improve the three technologies are discussed and the policy comments on PCBs treatment are presented.

关 键 词：多氯联苯 焚烧炉 水泥窑 危险废物填埋 层次分析法 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]