水轮机叶片的五轴数控加工工艺规划及轨迹优化  

Process Planning and Tool-path Optimization for the Machining of Hydro Turbine's Blades on Five-axis CNC Machine Tool

作　　者：赖喜德[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学能源与环境学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《西华大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第4期1-4,8,共5页Journal of Xihua University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.59493704);四川省教育厅自然科学重点项目(No.2004A113);四川省重点学科建设项目(No.SZD0412)

摘　　要：针对大型水轮机叶片的五轴联动数控加工要求,制定出适合国内技术条件的工艺规划。提出在计算叶片五轴联动加工刀位时采用等残余高度刀位规划,并考虑三维非线性误差来计算走刀步长的刀位轨迹生成策略。为了避免刀具后跟角干涉的要求,提出根据叶片的曲面性态分析来确定叶片五轴联动加工中的刀轴控制和刀位轨迹优化计算方法。将该方法与CAM软件结合,用于大型混流式和轴流式叶片数控加工,结果表明:该方法既能严格控制加工误差,又要能提高加工效率。One of the most important procedures in 5-axis simultaneous machining for large hydro turbine's blades is how to make the reasonable machining planning and optimize the tool path generating strategy.This paper presents a suitable machining planning based on existing techniques,and proposes the optimized tool path generating strategy that combines the constant scallop tool path planning method with 3-dimensional non-linear error in 5-axis machining of large blades.A method of determining the optimum tool orientation to avoid rear gouging using the global geometry information of blade's surfaces and the undercut and gauge errors relating to tool orientation is also proposed to optimize tool path.With the right combination of this research with CAM software,both the large Kaplan and Francis hydro turbine blades were successfully machined.The result shows that the machined errors can be effectively controlled and the machining efficiency can be improved in the machining of the large hydro turbine's blades by the proposed methods.

关 键 词：水轮机 叶片 数控加工 刀具轨迹优化 曲面加工 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]