引水和疏浚工程对杭州西湖轮虫群落结构的影响  

EFFECTS OF DRAWING WATER AND DREDGING ON ROTIFERA COMMUNITY IN THE WEST LAKE,HANGZHOU

作　　者：李共国[1] 吴芝瑛[2] 虞左明[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院生物技术研究所,宁波315100 [2]杭州西湖水域管理处,杭州310002 [3]杭州市环境保护科学研究院,杭州310014

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2007年第3期386-392,共7页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(39170169)资助

摘　　要：1990年、1995年和2003年观察了引水和疏浚工程支配下浅水、富营养化杭州西湖(Ⅰ-Ⅲ站)浮游轮虫的群落变化,研究内容包括种类组成和优势种演变、密度和生物量、以及生物多样性指数。西湖轮虫的第一优势种由引水前的螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochelearis),引水后演变为1990年的裂痕龟纹轮虫(Anuraeopsis fissa)和1995年的暗小异尾轮虫(Trichocerca pusilla),疏浚工程后针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla)上升为西湖轮虫第一优势种。不同采样站中,引水促使了Ⅰ站(进水口)轮虫优势种的演变和轮虫丰度的显著下降,并使轮虫生物量与水体叶绿素a含量之间的相关性最强(相关系数达0.7080,p<0.01);疏浚促使了Ⅲ站(出水口)轮虫优势种的演变和抑制了轮虫丰度的快速增加,并使轮虫生物量与水体高锰酸盐指数之间的相关性最强(相关系数0.5440,p<0.25)。Ⅰ-Ⅲ站轮虫生物量与水体综合营养状态指数之间均有显著的正相关性。随着引入西湖水量的显著减少、疏浚工程的实施和西湖自身富营养化的推进,Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站轮虫的丰度急剧增加,生物多样性持续下降,Ⅲ站轮虫丰度增加较缓。这预示着Ⅰ站和Ⅱ站水体的富营养化进程快于Ⅲ站。Effects of drawing water and dredging on Rotifera community, including species composition, density, biomass and diversity index were studied at three sampling stations （Ⅰ -Ⅲ ） of the West Lake, Hangzhou, a shallow eutrophic lake in 1990, 1995 and 2003. The first dominant species of rotifers was from Keratella cochelearis in 1980 before drawing Qiantang River, became Anuraeopsisfissa in 1990 and Trichocerca pusilla in 1995 after drawing water, Polyarthra trigla rose the first dominant species of rotifers in the West Lake, Hangzhou in 2003 after dredging. At different sampling stations, dominant species of rotifers changed, abundance decreased remarkably and had a strong relationship between rotifers biomass and Chlorophyll-a content （ r = 0.7080, p 〈 0.01） at Station Ⅰ （import water region） after drawing water. Dominant species of rotifers changed, abundance increased slowly and had a strong relationship between rotifers biomass and CODM, （ r = 0. 5440, p 〈 0.25） at Station Ⅲ （ discharge water region） after dredging. There are significant positive correlation coefficients of each sampling station rotifers biomass and the water body TLI. Rotifers abundance rose sharply and diversity index continual declined at Station Ⅰ and StationⅡ with drawing water quantity which into the lake decreased sharply, dredging engineering and eutrophication advance of the West Lake, Hangzhou, however, rotifers abundance increased slowly at Station Ⅲ . This indicated that eutrophication advance were faster at Station Ⅰand Station Ⅱthan that at Station Ⅲ.

关 键 词：引水 疏浚 轮虫群落 杭州西湖 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]