小麦品种抗旱性评价指标研究  

Studies on Evaluation Indices for Drought Resistance Capacity in Wheat Varieties

作　　者：赵红梅[1] 郭程瑾[1] 段巍巍[1] 齐永清[1] 王笑颖[1] 李雁鸣[1] 肖凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2007年第1期76-81,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2004BA520A07-04);河北省自然科学基金(C2006000434)项目

摘　　要：以抗旱性不同的冬小麦品种为材料,在正常降雨年型的干旱处理(DT)和正常灌溉(CK)条件下,对于不同类型抗旱品种的产量形成能力、抗旱性评价指标以及相关抗旱生理参数进行了较全面的研究。结果表明,可采用抗旱指数(DRI)和产量降低指数(YDI)作为评价小麦品种抗旱性强弱的指标。供试品种成熟期单株干物重具有较大的差异,表现为随着品种抗旱性的增强而不断增加,表明干旱条件下单株干物重的大小与小麦品种的抗旱性具有密切联系。研究发现,单位面积穗数与产量降低指数的相关达到极显著水平,表明在干旱条件下单位面积具有较多的穗数形成能力,对于干旱条件下小麦获得相对较高的产量具有重要作用。旗叶全展、中期和生长后期的净光合速率(Pn)和脯氨酸含量均与抗旱指数和产量降低指数、叶绿素含量与产量降低指数分别呈显著或极显著相关,表明可用植株旗叶的Pn、叶绿素含量和脯氨酸含量作为评价小麦品种抗旱性强弱的参考生理指标。Using wheat varieties with different drought resistance , the yield potential, identification indices for drought resistance and some physiological parameters related to the drought resistance were analyzed under normal natural condition without irrigations （DT） and irrigations （CK）. The results indicated that the drought resistance index （DRI） and yield decrease index （YDI） could be used as the indices to evaluate the drought resistance capacities for wheat varieties. There existed huge differences on plant dry weight at maturity stage among wheat varieties with different drought resistance which showed an increase on plant dry weight with the increase of drought resistance. This result implied that there had a close relation between the plant dry weight and drought resistance. It was found that there had a significant correlation between YDI and the spike numbers per hectare, indicating that the more spike numbers per hectare played an important role for higher yield in the wheat varieties with higher drought resistance under drought stress condition. There were also significant correlations between photosynthetic rate （Pn） , proline content with DRI and YDI, and chlorophyll content with YDI at expansion, mid -growth stage and late- growth stage of flag leaf, respectively, suggesting that the Pn, chlorophyll content and proline content in the flag leaf could be used as physiological parameters to effectively identify the drought resistance of wheat varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 干旱胁迫 抗旱指数 光合参数 脯氨酸含量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]