雌雄异株植物与性别比例有关的性别差异研究现状与展望  

Gender Differences of Dioecious Plants Related Sex Ratio: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

作　　者：尹春英[1] 李春阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2007年第3期419-425,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30600472);国家杰出青年科学基金项目(No.30525036)资助~~

摘　　要：雌雄异株植物是陆地生态系统的重要组分,自然种群中其雌雄个体的性别比例通常为1∶1,但随水分、养分、CO2浓度、温度、光照和干扰水平等的不同而有所不同.一般来说,在逆境下性别比例偏雄性,这是雌雄异株植物性别分离的常见模式.雌雄异株植物不同性别间的差异主要体现在:(1)存活率,(2)形态特征,(3)生理生化特性,(4)物候期,(5)资源分配模式等方面,但对于雌雄个体差异的分子机理未见报道.这些差异导致了雌雄植株个体环境适应性的不同,从而表现为在不同环境下雌雄异株植物性别比例偏倚的现象.基于此,可结合不同树种雌雄性的不同用途,开展有关研究.Dioecious species represent an important component of terrestrial ecosystems. In natural populations of dioecious plants, the sex ratio is usually 1 ： 1, but the ratio varies with the changes in water supply, nutrient availability, light intensity, temperature, CO2 concentration and disturbance level. A pattern of male-biased ratio in stressed habitats is commonly observed in dioecious species with spatial segregation of sexes. Gender differences have been well documented in （ 1 ） survival rate （Females usually have lower survival rate） ; （2） morphological characters; （3） physiological and biochemical properties; （4） phenology; and （5） resource allocation. Such differences frequently result in more variable reproductive effort for females. But there are few studies focused on the molecular mechanism of gender differences, which lead to the differences in adaptation to different environments between genders, so result in a biased sex ratio in dioecious plants in various environments because males generally have stronger adaptation to stressed environment. Based on these, the involved studies should be carried out in different dioecious plant species for different purposes. Ref 59

关 键 词：雌雄异株 性别比例 性别差异 资源分配 存活翠 适应性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]