草牧场防护林放牧功能  

Grazing Function of the Protective Forests on Grassland

作　　者：刘淑玲[1] 吴德东[1] 周景荣[1] 袁春良[1] 邰宪武[1] 朱德华[1] 宫伟光[2] 向开馥[2] 王志海 张敬党 马占信 赵建平 刘宝庭 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省固沙造林研究所 [2]东北林业大学 [3]阜新市阿尔乡畜牧场 [4]彰武县章古台畜牧兽医站

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》1997年第3期38-44,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家"八五"攻关项目

摘　　要：对有林草场和无林草场，以绵牛为试验对象，进行基本动态观测、采食率调查、日食量测定、进食状况、表现行为和抗病力、植被动态变化的研究、生理活动的测定、牧草恢复速度的试验。研究表明；草场防护林除了具有显著的生态、经济、社会效益外，可提高无林草场的载畜量０．６７５只／ｈｍ２；增加草场的综合生产能力；具有增强绵羊抗病能力的功能。通过测定知：有林草场采食率高于无林草场１０．５２％；绵羊采食后牧草的恢复时间比无林草场短２～４ｄ，既单位时间内能生产更多的牧草；由于有林草场的庇护、蔽荫作用，与无林草场试验羊在生理活动上差异显著，能有效地在炎热夏季维持绵羊的正常新陈代谢，减少能量的消耗。Grazing experiment with sheep on the forested grassland and non-forested grassland were set up to study basic dynamics, grazing rate, daily feeding, behavior, resistance to disease, physical activities, grass recovery and vegetation changes, tc.. The results showed that protective forests on grassland have clear ecological, economic and social benefits. With the protective forests, grazing capacity could be increased by 0.675 head of sheep/hm 2 and comprehensive productivity of grassland is promoted. The grazing rate on the forested grassland was 10.52 % higher than that on the non-forested geassland. The time for grass recovery after grazing by sheep on forested grassland was 2-4 day shorter than that on non-forested grassland.There was a significant difference between the sheep on the forested grassland and those on the non-forested grassland in physical activities. Forests can substantially help sheep to maintain their normal metabolism and reduce energy consumption in hot summer.

关 键 词：草原 载畜量 采食率 草场 放牧 

分 类 号：S812.9[农业科学—草业科学] S727.25[农业科学—畜牧学]