不同地形条件下群落物种多样性与胸高断面积的差异分析  

Difference Analysis of Community Biodiversity and Basal Area Under Different Terrain

作　　者：汤孟平[1] 周国模[1] 施拥军[1] 陈永刚[1] 吴亚琪[1] 赵明水[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江林学院环境科技学院,临安311300 [2]天目山国家级自然保护区管理局,临安311300

出　　处：《林业科学》2007年第6期27-31,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471390);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y305261);浙江林学院科研发展基金项目(2006FR20)资助

摘　　要：以浙江天目山国家级自然保护区的常绿阔叶林为例,基于DEM在群落尺度上分析不同地形条件下群落物种多样性和胸高断面积的差异。对单一地形因子分析的结果表明:在常绿阔叶林群落中,坡度过大或过小均可引起常绿阔叶林物种多样性和胸高断面积下降,中等坡度时物种多样性和胸高断面积最高;胸高断面积随坡向的变化比物种多样性敏感,自东坡经南坡过渡到西坡,胸高断面积呈降低趋势,东坡的物种多样性和胸高断面积最高,西南坡最低;物种多样性和胸高断面积随地表粗糙度增加呈降低的趋势。对组合地形因子分析结果表明:坡向和坡度的不同组合,对物种多样性的影响不大,但与胸高断面积存在较大的相关性,各坡度级中,西南坡胸高断面积均最低;坡向和粗糙度的不同组合对物种多样性的影响不大,但与胸高断面积存在一定的相关性,在各粗糙度级中,西南坡均为最低;坡度和粗糙度组合对物种多样性和胸高断面积的影响均较大,同一粗糙度级中,物种数在各坡度级表现为坡度级2>坡度级3>坡度级1,除坡度级1外,各粗糙度级上的胸高断面积随坡度的增加而增加。Evergreen broadleaved forest in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve of Zhejiang Province as an example, a digital elevation model （DEM） was used to analyze the difference of community biodiversity and basal area under different terrain. The results showed： From the single terrain factor, in evergreen broadleaved forest community, under higher or lower slope angle,, biodiversity and basal area were reduced, and the highest biodiversity and basal area occurred in middle slope angle; Changes of basal area had higher sensitivity than biodiversity＇ s with the variation of slope aspect; Basal area showed decreasing tendency from east along south to west; The highest biodiversity and basal area is the east direction, the lowest is the south-west direction; Both biodiversity and basal area reduces by earth surface roughness increasing. Based on the compound factor analysis, slope aspect and slope angle had little effect on biodiversity, but they had great relation with basal area, in each slope angle class, the basal area of south-west slope is the lowest; Combination of slope direction and roughness influences biodiversity a little, but it has certain relation with basal area. In every roughness class, the south-west slope has the lowest basal area; Combination of slope angle and roughness affects biodiversity and basal area greatly, in the same roughness class, tree species count changes by slope angle class： slope angle class 2 〉 slope angle class 3 〉 slope angle 1, in all slope class except slope class 1, the basal area has increasing tendency by slope angle.

关 键 词：数字高程模型 常绿阔叶林 物种多样性 胸高断面积 差异 

分 类 号：S718.52[农业科学—林学]