田间非饱和流条件下土壤硝态氮运移的模拟  

Soil NO_3 N transport under field unsaturated flow condition——a simulation study.

作　　者：崔剑波[1] 庄季屏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110015

出　　处：《应用生态学报》1997年第1期49-54,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"九五"科技攻关项目

摘　　要：运用马尔可夫过程的理论 ,建立了土壤非饱和流条件下 ,模拟硝态氮通过土层运移的随机模型 .模型把时间可变系统假设为由紧密相连的时间均质情况相接而成 ,使得运用马尔可夫过程成为可能 ,在给定土壤水流量及汇源项转移强度的土壤层次中 ,给出了硝态氮溶质的统计分布 .模型将随机过程与确定性过程相结合 ,在计算各土层间的转移概率时考虑了硝态氮的作物吸收、淋洗、硝化和反硝化等主要过程 ,并用相关函数修正 N素转化关系 .在褐土农田土壤非饱和流条件下 ,用微区试验对该模型运行效果进行了验证 ,结果显示模拟计算值与实测值之间吻合性较好 ,说明模型可以用于相似类型区 ,预测和评价土壤 -作物系统中硝态氮溶质的运移行为 .Based on the theory of Markov Process, a stochastic model is established to simulate the interlayer transport of NO - 3 N in a cinnamon soil with unsaturated water flow. This model converts the temporally variable system into a system closely resembles the time homogeneous case, and makes Markov Process model applicable. The probability distribution of NO - 3 N is given for each soil layer under a given soil water flow and a given transport intensity of source and sink. In calculating the transport probability from one soil layer to another one, the main processes of NO - 3 N uptake and its leaching, nitrification and denitrification are considered, and the relationship between N transformations is calibrated with correlation function. A micro plot experiment on NO - 3 N transport is installed to verify the results obtained from simulation study, which shows a satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated results, indicading that the model can be used in similar areas to predict and evaluate the behavior of NO - 3 N transport in soil crop system.

关 键 词：田间条件 农业生态学 土壤非饱和流 硝态氮 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]