北柴胡大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体发育的研究  

Megasporogenesis,Microsporogenesis and Development of Male and Female Gametophytes in Bupleurum chinense

作　　者：陈莹[1] 蔡霞[1] 胡正海[1] 谭玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2007年第6期1134-1140,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2004C102);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划资助项目(04JK161)

摘　　要：用石蜡切片法对北柴胡的大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体发育过程进行观察研究.结果显示,北柴胡的胚珠为倒生型,单珠被,薄珠心.孢原细胞不经分裂直接发育成大孢子母细胞;四分体线性,多数情况下合点端的大孢子为功能大孢子,少数情况下亚合点端的大孢子也可发育为功能大孢子,蓼型胚囊;八核胚囊时期,珠心基部和两侧的一些珠心细胞保持自己的细胞质和形状,留存较久,成为珠心座细胞,珠被内表皮细胞发育为珠被绒毡层;花药壁发育类型为基本型,绒毡层为腺质绒毡层.小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂为同时型,产生正四面体型四分体.成熟花粉为3细胞型.The megasporogenesis, microsporogenesis and development of male and female gametophytes of Bupleurum chinense DC. were studied using method of paraffin section. The results showed as follows：the ovary of B. chinense is anatropous,single integument and thin nucellus. The archesportial cell does not divide and directly develops into megaspore mother cell. The megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to form a linear tetrad. Normally, the chalazal megaspore functions and forms the female gametophyte, but sometimes the second chalazal megaspore also functions. During 8-nuclei embryo sac stage, some nucellus on the base and two sides keep their own cytoplasm and shape for long time and finally become podium. The inner integument cells grow to endothelium. The development of anther walls conforms to the elementary type. The tapetum belongs to glandular tapetum. The cytoplasm of microspore mother cell undergoes simultaneous division and produces tetrahedral tetrad. The mature pollen is 3-cell type.

关 键 词：北柴胡 大孢子发生 小孢子发生 雌配子体 雄配子体 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]