急性心肌梗死患者延迟就诊的性别差异  

Gender Difference in Treatment-seeking Delay in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

作　　者：杜兰芳[1] 杨进刚[1] 胡大一[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院心血管诊疗中心,北京100730

出　　处：《心血管病学进展》2007年第4期529-533,共5页Advances in Cardiovascular Diseases

摘　　要：对于急性心肌梗死患者来说，其治疗的关键是能否在症状发生后尽快开通闭塞的冠状动脉，开通越早，获益越大。然而许多国家的研究发现大部分心肌梗死患者存在不同程度的延迟，其平均院前延误时间为1．5～6h，而且发现女性患者无论是院前延迟时间还是院内延迟时间，无论是接受溶栓治疗还是接受PCI治疗，其延迟均显著长于男性，尤其是老年女性患者。进一步分析原因发现，可能与女性的症状学特点、社会因素及心理因素有关。Reperfusion is the most important therapy for acute myocardial infarction and the benefit is time-dependent. The faster therapy is applied, the better. A significant body of research has indicated that most patients with acute myocardial infarction do delay in seeking treatment. The median pre-hospital delay varies between 1.5 ～ 6 hours. Those studies find that females delay longer than males, both for pre-hospital delay or in-hospital delay, and for both the delay time from the onset of symptoms to thrombolysis and the time from the onset of symptoms to PCI. Older women have been shown to be the longest delayers. Reasons for women delaying are associated with atypical symptoms, socio-demographic factors and psychosocial factors.

关 键 词：心肌梗死 延迟就诊 性别差异 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]