体外膜肺氧合支持的并发症及对策  

Management of Complications of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

作　　者：胡瑞荣[1] 杨碧波[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院心脏外科,北京100083

出　　处：《医疗装备》2007年第8期34-37,共4页Medical Equipment

摘　　要：体外膜肺氧合是将患者的静脉血引流至体外,经气体交换后,再回输至患者的动脉或静脉,用于暂时部分心肺替代治疗。ECMO并发症包括患者机体并发症和ECMO系统的异常。患者机体常见并发症有手术创面及插管部位的出血、栓塞、神经系统功能异常、心肌顿抑、肾功能不全、溶血、感染以及末端肢体缺血等。ECMO系统异常包括氧合器氧合不良、血浆渗漏及泵失灵等。Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation （ECMO） circuits have recently been introduced for extracorporeal life support （ECLS） in adult patients with respiratory or circulatory failure and have been shown to provide excellent oxygenation and hemodynamic support. Blood flow in ECMO can generally be directed in one of two directions： veno - venous or veno - arterial. Venous blood is withdrawn,O2 is added and/or CO2 is removed, and then reinfused into the patient.The complications associated with ECMO can be classified into mechanical and patient- related medical complications. Patient - related medical complications are bleeding, myocardial stunning, neurological complications, renal failure, hemolysis, infection and leg ischemia. Mechanical problems include oxygenator failure, tubing disruption, pump malfunction.

关 键 词：体外膜肺氧合 并发症 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]