西双版纳热带雨林中榕树动物群落结构与多样性研究  

STUDIES ON ANIMAL STRUCTURE AND BIODIVERSITY ON Ficus IN THE TROPICAL RAIN OF XISHUANGBANNA, CHINA

作　　者：杨大荣[1] 李朝达[1] 杨兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1997年第2期189-196,共8页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家科委"攀登计划"项目

摘　　要：榕树是西双版纳热带雨林生态系统中的一个关键植物类群，在该类植物中，形成了以榕树果实、叶片、枝杆、枯枝落叶、土壤为食物、栖息、繁殖环境和帮助榕树授粉、传播种子的动物群落；榕树和动物之间形成了互相依赖、协同共存、互促发展的紧密关系。本工作在西双版纳勐仑热带雨林自然保护区、濒危植物迁地保护区、罗梭江边、植物园生活区等固定样地内，定点、定时对榕树中的动物群落结构和动态、多样性等进行研究，结果表明：热带雨林原始林地和榕树种群丰富的环境，动物群落结构复杂多样，种类和数量显著增加，反之则减少。其动物种类、数量和多样性指数为：原始林保护区＞榕树种类丰富的原始残林地＞濒危植物迁地保护区＞人类活动频繁区。以榕树上活动类群数量来看：枯枝落叶和土壤类群＞食果类群＞传种和授粉类群＞栖息类群＞食叶类群＞蛀杆类群。Ficus tree is a key species in the ecosystem of tropical rain forest in Xishuangbanna. The animal community is established by feeding, perching and breeding on the fruits, leaves, branches, fallen leaves and branches of Ficus, and even in the soil under the tree. The community helps Ficus tree with pollination and spread. And a correlation between Ficus and animals is closely established in the ecosystem. The data were collected in Menglun tropical rain forest reserve, endangered plant migratereserve, banks of Luosuo river and living compound of botanic garden in Xishuangbanna, in the sampled sites in regular time. The data indicate that the animal community in the virginal tropical rain forest with abundant Ficus trees has a diverse structure and it has much more species.

关 键 词：榕树 西双版纳 热带雨林 动物 群落结构 

分 类 号：S796[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.6[农业科学—林学]