中国猕猴类的蛋白多态性及其遗传分化关系  

Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships Among Chinese Macacas Based on Protein Electrophoresis

作　　者：宿兵[1] 王文[1] 兰宏[1] 张亚平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所细胞与分子进化开放实验室

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》1997年第2期109-115,共7页

基　　金：云南省应用基础基金;国家自然科学基金;中国科学院院长基金;留学回国人员基金

摘　　要：采用蛋白电泳分析技术研究了来源于我国和越南的猕猴属（ＧｅｎｕｓＭａｃａｃａ）５个种（Ｍ．ｍｕｌａｔａ、Ｍ．ａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ、Ｍ．ａｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ、Ｍ．ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ、Ｍ．ｆａｓｃｉｃｕｌａｒｉｓ）的蛋白多态性及其遗传分化关系。共分析遗传座位３０个。在分析的１９只恒河猴中，３０个遗传座位有９个座位表现出多态性，多态座位百分比Ｐ＝０．３，平均等位基因数Ａ＝１．４，平均杂合度Ｈ＝０．１０４５。此结果表明，恒河猴的遗传多样性在蛋白质水平上是极为丰富的。另外，有１０个座位在所分析的猕猴属的５个种中存在２个以上的等位基因，根据基因频率和遗传距离，采用ＰＨＹＬＩＰ３．５ｃ软件包中的“ＣＯＮＴＭＬ”、“ＮＥＩＧＨＢＯＲ”和“ＦＩＴＣＨ”，以每一物种作为分类单元，以小懒猴（Ｎｙｃｔｉｃｅｂｕｓｐｙｇｍａｅｕｓ）作为外群，构建了系统树。所得到的３棵系统树均支持将恒河猴和食蟹猴聚在一起，表明这两个物种的亲缘关系较为接近，属于一个种组（ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｇｒｏｕｐ）。“ＭＬ”树和“ＦＭ”树的拓扑结构基本相同，支持将红面猴独立为一个种组，并显示同恒河猴和食蟹猴所聚的一支较为接近；熊猴和藏猴较为接近形成一个种组，聚在树的外部。“Ｎ?n this paper,using protein electrophoresis method,we studied proteinpolymorphism and genetic divergence of 5 species in Genus Macaca:M.mulatta,M.arctoides,M.assamensis,M.thibetana,M.fascicularis.A total of 30 genetic loci were analyzed for 29 individuals,including 4 Nycticebus pygmaeus as outgroup.For the 19 M.mulatta,9 loci were found to be polymorphic.Accordingly,the percentage of polymorphic loci,P=0.3;the mean number of alleles,A=1.4,and the mean heterozygosity,H=0.1045,indicating a rather high level of genetic diversity in this species.Furthermore,10 loci showed polymorphic among the 5 species,which can be used as information loci for phylogenetic reconstruction.Three programs(conml,neighbor,fitch)in PHYLIP 3.5c were chosen to construct phylogenetic trees.All of the three trees show support a close relationship between M.mulatta and M.fascicularis.However,two trees have the same topology,suggesting that M.arctoides belongs to an independent species group,while M.assamensis and M.thibetana are closely related and belong to another species group,and the other tree gives a different topology which implies that M.arctoides,M.assamensis and M.thibetana belong to one species group.

关 键 词：灵长目 猕猴属 遗传分化 蛋白 多态性 

分 类 号：Q959.848[生物学—动物学]