淡水人工培育中华鲟亚成体的海水驯化试验  

Acclimation experiment of sub-adult Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis Gray)from fresh water culture in sea water

作　　者：杨德国[1] 朱永久[1] 危起伟[1] 陈细华[1] 刘鉴毅[1] 王凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部淡水鱼类种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2007年第3期120-124,共5页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项(2000DIB50177);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2002DEA1004);中国水产科学研究院科研基金项目(2003-3-9)共同资助

摘　　要：2000年,采用阶段性递增水体盐度,即每5d将水体的盐度逐渐提高5,并不设稳定期的方法,对在淡水环境人工养殖近3年的中华鲟子一代亚成体(全长105～149cm,体重5.8～15.0kg)进行海水驯化试验。结果表明,经过20d的驯化,较大规格的中华鲟亚成体即可适应盐度为23的海水环境,驯化的成活率平均达到93.9%(92.1%～95.7%)。水体盐度增加时没有发现中华鲟有异常的行为表现,而驯化后的中华鲟在海水池塘中也能够正常生长。研究还表明,中华鲟对其栖息水体的盐度有较强的适应能力,但其耐盐性和适应能力可能与个体规格大小有一定的关系,即个体的规格越大,则其对水体盐度变化的适应能力就越强。Acclimation experiment of sub-adult Chinese sturgeon Acipenser sinensis in sea water was carried out in 2000. The fish used in the test was the first filial generation and had been bred in fresh water for about 3 years, its total length and body weight being 127.6± 13.1 cm（105-149 cm, N=20） and 10.7±2.88 kg（5.8-15.0 kg）, respectively. The salinity in test water increased by 5 per 5 days in the test period. After 20 days, the salinity reached 23, and the average survival rate of test fish was 93.9 %（92.1 -95.7 %）. Abnormal behaviors of Chinese sturgeons were not found as the salinity in test water became raised gradually. Obviously, the fish could endure the increased salinity and live normally in the seawater. The results also showed that Chinese sturgeon could adapt well to the wide salinity range in water. In addition, the ability of Chinese sturgeon to adapt to salinity variation was possibly related to the body size, viz., the bigger the body of the fish, the stronger was its ability to adapt to the variation of salinity.

关 键 词：中华鲟 亚成体 盐度 驯化 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]