基于GIS的三峡库区生态环境综合评价Ⅱ.气候评价  

Integrated Assessment of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based on GIS and DEM Ⅱ. Climate Assessment

作　　者：刘祥梅[1] 郭志华[1] 肖文发[1] 王建力[2] 杨海明[1] 何红艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091 [2]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2007年第4期613-622,共10页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：科技部公益性项目"三峡库区陆地生态系统综合评价与预警"(2003DIB4J14);国务院三峡办与国家林业局联合资助项目(SX2001-012);国家林业局森林生态重点实验室基金。

摘　　要：基于三峡库区及周边地区1973—2002年34个气象站点的基本气象数据,计算出各气象站的多年平均气温、大于10℃积温、干燥度、年降水量和年降水变率等。对这些气候指标利用“回归分析+残差修正”的方法进行插值,生成100m×100m的栅格数据,然后利用层次分析法(AHP)建立三峡库区的气候综合评价模型,对三峡库区气候进行综合评价,共分为8个等级。结果表明:三峡库区水热资源丰富,年均温主要在12～19.12℃之间,大于10℃积温平均为4794.56℃,干燥度小于1,年降水量主要在1100～1500mm之间,年降水变率较小,主要在10%～15%之间。气候综合评价等级平均为5.3级,西南部、中部地区气候条件较东部地区好。东部地区气候评价等级最低,小于5级。中部地区气候南北差异较大,河流北岸气候等级在5级以上,气候条件较好;河流南岸相对较差,等级在4～6级之间。西南部地区气候条件最好,评价等级都在6级以上。Based on the meteorological data about the 34 meteorological stations during the period of 1973 and 2002 in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,annual mean temperature,accumulated temperature 〉10℃ ,aridity index,precipitation and precipitation variability were obtained. ＂Multiple regression model ＋ Inverse Distance Weighting （IDW） residuals＂ was used to interpolate meteorological data,and climate thematic maps with a spatial resolution of 100m were produced.With the method of Analysis Hierarchy Process （AHP）,the model of integrated climate assessment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was established.The results showed that, the water and heat resource was rather abundant,the annual mean temperature was mainly between 12℃ and 19.12℃ ,accumulated temperature 〉10℃ was 4794.56 ℃ ,aridity index was less than 1.The annual precipitation was mainly between 1 loomm and 1 500mm,and the precipitation variability was a range of 10% to 15% .The average value of integrated climate assessment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was 5.3.The climate in the southwestern and central part was better than that in the eastern.The climate grade of the eastern part was 5 which was the lowest. The climate in the central part was quite different between the south bank and the north bank of the river.The climate grade in the northern part was above 5,while it was between 4 and 6 in the southern part, and adove 6 the southwestern part.

关 键 词：气候 综合评价 GIS 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]