通气流量对超空泡外形特征影响实验研究  

Exploring Experimentally Effect of Gas Entrainment Rate on Geometrical Shape of Supercavity

作　　者：杨武刚[1] 张宇文[1] 邓飞[1] 袁绪龙[1] 范辉[1] 阚雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航海学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报》2007年第3期358-362,共5页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University

摘　　要：通气超空泡技术是提高水下航行体速度的一种重要方式,生成稳定的空泡形态是该技术的重要环节。在高速水洞实验室中进行了超空泡的生成和形态稳定性实验研究,获得了大量通气超空泡的记录。通过对空泡的外形进行量化处理,获得了通气流量以及空化数对细长体超空泡长度和直径等几何特征量的影响规律,同时对实验结果进行了定性和定量分析。实验证实了通气流量率是影响超空泡尺度的最重要因素,对二者关系进行了拟合并与同类文献进行了比较,提出了实现超空泡外形调控的通气规律。The supercavitation technique provides a means of significantly increasing the velocity of an underwater vehicle. This technique involves essentially the creation of stable supercavity shape. Our experimental exploration was carried out in the NWPU hydrodynamic tunnel. In the full paper, we explain the method and the results of our exploration in detail. In this abstract, we just add some pertinent remarks to listing the three topics of explanation. The first topic is. the experimental facility and model. The second topic is. the outline and method of experimental study. In the second topic, we select three non-dimensional parameters： Froude number, gas entrainment rate, and cavity number. The third topic is： the experimental results on supercavity and their analysis. Its three subtopics are： the gas entrainment rate and the cavity number （subtopic 3.1）, the gas entrainment rate and geometrical shape of supercavity （subtopic 3.2） and the cavity number and the geometrical shape of supercavity （subtopic 3.3）. In subtopic 3.1, we give a figure in the full paper showing the curves of the variation of the cavity number with the gas entrainment rate for four different fixed Froude numbers——18, 20, 23, 27; all the curves show, in general, that the cavity number decreases with increasing gas entrainment rate. In subtopic 3.3, on the basis of experimental data, we employ the curve-fitting technique to obtain eqs. （4）, （5）, and （6） in the full paper for calculating the characteristic dimensions of the supercavity whose shape approximates an ellipse.

关 键 词：流量率 通气超空化 水洞实验 空泡外形 空化数 

分 类 号：TK71[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]