毒死蜱对土壤中三种酶活性的影响  

Effect of Pesticide Chlorpyrifos on Activities of Three Soil Enzymes

作　　者：张心明[1] 刘贤进[2] 余向阳[2] 洪晓月[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院食品质量安全检测研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2007年第3期196-199,共4页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2001BA804A27);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2006167)

摘　　要：采用室内模拟的方法研究3种浓度毒死蜱对土壤中过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、脲酶活性的影响。结果表明：0．5mg／kg、2．5mg／kg和25．0mg／kg毒死蜱浓度处理对土壤中过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、脲酶影响不同。0．5mg／kg毒死蜱浓度处理对过氧化氢酶活性主要是激活作用，2．5mg／kg、25．0mg／kg毒死蜱浓度处理对过氧化氢酶活性是抑制-激活-恢复对照水平的过程，且25．0mg／kg毒死蜱浓度处理对过氧化氢酶活性的最高激活作用时间比2．5mg／kg毒死蜱浓度处理向后推移。在土壤培养1—7d，3个毒死蜱浓度处理对脱氢酶活性均低于对照水平，且25．0mg／kg毒死蜱浓度处理对脱氢酶活性具有显著的抑制作用，在土壤培养7—28d，脱氢酶活性迅速增加，至28d时3个毒死蜱浓度处理对脱氢酶活性具有显著的激活作用，28d后脱氢酶活性逐渐减弱并恢复至对照水平。3个毒死蜱浓度处理对脲酶活性影响主要在培养1—21d内的抑制作用，而后对脱氢酶活性影响不大。Influences of the pesticide chlorpyrifos at three concentrations （0.5 mg/kg,2.5 mg/kg,25.0 mg/kg） on the activities of catalase, dehydrogenase and urease in soil were investigated with indoor simulation method. Chlorpyrifos exhibited activation to catalase activity at the concentration of 0.5 mg/kg while it showed inhibition-activation-recovery to catalase activity at the concentrations of 2. 5 mg/kg and 25.0 mg/kg. The activities of dehydrogenase in the soil were first inhibited by all three concentrations of chlorpyrifos when soil were incubated for 1 -7 d then were promoted to a higher level than CK （no chlorpyrifos application ）. After that, the dehydrogenase activities went down gradually to the levels of CK. Chlorpyrifos at three concentrations demonstrated an inhibition to urease activities in the soil incubated for 1 -21 d. pesticide at all three concentrations had a lower effect than the control on the activity of dehydrogenase and the pesticide at 25.0 mg/kg had an obvious inhibition on the activity of dehydrogenase. Incubated in soil for seven to 28 days, the activity of dehydrogenase increased rapidly and the pesticide at all three concentrations had notable simulation effect on the activity of dehydrogenase at the day 28. After 28 days, the activity of dehydrogenase gradually decreased and recovered to the control level. The influence of the pesticide at three concentrations demonstrated an inhibition effect on urease when incubated for one to 21 days and less effect on dehvdrogenase after 21 days.

关 键 词：毒死蜱 过氧化氢酶 脱氢酶 脲酶 活性 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]