新疆鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫菌质粒图谱分析  

An Analysis of Plasmid Profiles of Yersinia pestis Isolated from Natural Plague Foci in Xinjiang,China

作　　者：徐菲莉[1] 杨子平[1] 李蕾 赵飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆地方病防治研究所,乌鲁木齐市830002

出　　处：《地方病通报》1997年第1期12-15,共4页Endemic Diseases Bulletin

基　　金：新疆卫生厅青年基金

摘　　要：检测了新疆四大片鼠疫自然疫源地内不同宿主、不同年代的109株鼠疫菌的质粒，发现除一株1970年分离自玛纳斯灰旱獭的菌株自然缺失6Mdal质粒、只携带45和65Mdal二种质粒、并伴随鼠疫杆菌素（Pstl）表型丧失外，其余所有的菌株均携带三种质粒。其中80％的菌携带6、45和65Mdal质粒。三种质粒中，6Mdal质粒比较稳定，无明显变化。编码钙依赖和F1抗原的二种质粒分子量变化较大，前者可增大至49和56Mdal，后者可增大至74和91Mdal。根据鼠疫菌所含三种质粒分子量不同，将新疆鼠疫菌质粒图谱分为Ⅰ～Ⅴ个型。北天山灰旱獭-长尾黄鼠鼠疫疫源地有Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ五个类型，南天山灰旱獭鼠疫疫源地有Ⅰ、Ⅴ两种类型，帕米尔高原-阿赖山红旱獭和昆仑山喜玛拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地只有Ⅰ型。由于鼠疫菌的质粒图谱在各疫源地内的分布不同，可将其作为新疆鼠疫疫源地划分及鼠疫菌分型的重要指标。Plasmids of 109 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from different hosts in four major natural plague foci in Xinjiang in different years were detected,and it was found that all the strains harboured three kinds of plasmids but one which was isolated from Marmota baibacina in Manas in l970,had natural deletion of 6 Mdal plasmid and only harboured 45 and 65 Mdal plasmids with loss of PstI phenotype. Of the 108strains, 8O% harboured 6, 45 and 65 Mdal plasmids; and of the three kinds of plasmids, 6 Mdal plasmid was more stable and changed little. Coded Ca-dependent and F1 antigen plasmids had greater changes in molecular weight,the former had amplification to 49 and 56 Mdal and the latter to 74 and 91 Mdal. Based on the differencein molecular weight of the 3 kinds of plasmids contained in plague bacillus,the plasmid profiles of Y. Pestis isolates from natural plague foci in Xinjiang were divided into five types. Types Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳand Ⅴwere found in M. baibacina-Citellus undulatus plague focus in northern Tianshan Mountains,type Ⅰ and Ⅴin M. bathecina plague focus in southern Tianshan Mountains,and type Ⅰ in M. caudata plague focus in the Pamirs-Alai Mountains and in M. himalayana plague focus in Kunlun Mountains. The different distribution of plasmid profiles of plague bacillus in these four plague foci may serve as an important index in dividing plague foci and typing plague bacillus in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：新疆 鼠疫 自然疫源地 鼠疫菌 质粒图谱 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]