金琥快速水培技术及其根系适应性的研究  

Studies on Rapid Culture Techniques and Root Adaptability of Echinocactus grusonii in Hydroponics

作　　者：罗健[1] 王英[1] 林东教[1] 王蔓丽[1] 欧志婵[1] 刘士哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学无土栽培技术研究室,广州510642

出　　处：《园艺学报》2007年第3期711-716,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：广东省教育厅自然科学研究资助项目(z02006)

摘　　要：为了探索仙人掌科金琥(Echinocactus grusonii)的快速培育技术,比较了静止水培和常规基质栽培对金琥生长的影响及其根系的适应性。结果表明,金琥在供试的5种营养液配方中静置水培均能正常生长,水培163d的整株增加质量307·48～399·16g·plant-1,显著大于基质栽培;水培时金琥根系长势良好,具有较强的分生能力,根系鲜样质量、干样质量、根活力、总根长和总根表面积均显著大于基质栽培,其增加率分别达到114·6%、43·3%、38·1%、460·7%和246·4%。淹水环境使金琥根系的解剖结构发生改变,根径显著变小(由基质栽培的0·83mm减小至0·51mm),皮层细胞层数变少,细胞间隙增大,中柱通气组织较发达,有利于根系在水培条件下进行呼吸及吸收和运输养分与水分。因此,静止水培是快速培育金琥的有效栽培技术。In order to study rapid culture techniques nutrient solutions were used to grow Echinocactus grusonii and root adaptability of Echinocactus grusonii, five together with a medium mixed with coconut husk, pearlite and sand as a control. The results showed that Echinocactus grusonii grew well in five tested formulae and there was a significant increase in ball biomass in still solution culture over that in medium culture, with a biomass increment of 307.48 -399. 16 g ·plant^-1 in 163 d. In still solution culture, Echinocactus grusonii roots grew well with vigorous root differentiation and development. For example, fresh and dry mass of root, root activity, total root length and root surface area increased by 114. 6%, 43.3%, 38. 1%, 460. 7% and 246.4%, respectively, over that in the medium culture. The submergence condition in solution culture altered the morphological and anatomic structure of roots with smaller root diameter （decreased from 0. 83 mm in medium culture to 0. 51 mm in solution culture）, less cortex cell layers, enlarged intercellular space, and more developed root aerenchyma, which might be beneficial to is concluded that still solution culture is an effective and root respiration and uptake of nutrients and water. It rapid cultural technique for Echinocactus grusonii.

关 键 词：金琥 水培 植株生长 根系适应性 

分 类 号：S682.33[农业科学—观赏园艺]